Page 272 - fourth year book

DIABETES MELLITUS

2. Benzoic acid Repaglinide 3–16 mg/day Stimulate
derivative insulin secretion

3. Phenylalanine Nateglinide 180–360 mg/day Stimulate
derivative insulin secretion

Insulin sensitizers

1. Biguanide Metformin 0.5–2 gm/ Increase
insulin sensitivity

2. Thiazolidinedione Rosiglitazone 2–8 mg/day Decrease

s hepatic glucose

Pioglitazone 15–45 mg/day
production

3. α-Glycosidase Acarbose 100–300 mg/day Delays

inhibitors carbohydrate

Miglitol 100–300mg/day
absorption

 Complications of oral hypoglycemic drugs;

1) Hypoglycemia.
2) Allergic skin reactions.

3) Gastro intestinal distress.
4) Hematological disorders.

5) Water retention and dilutional hyponatremia (Chlorpropamide-
diabnese).

 Contraindication of oral hypoglycemic drugs;
1) Patients with impaired renal function.

2) Elderly people above the age 70 yrs.

3) Patients with heart failure, hepatic impairment.

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