Page 267 - fourth year book

DIABETES MELLITUS

Proteins
 In individuals with type 2 diabetes, ingested protein
appears to increase insulin response without

increasing plasma glucose concentrations. Therefore,
carbohydrate sources high in protein should not be
used to treat or prevent hypoglycemia.

 For those with diabetic kidney disease (with

albuminuria, reduced estimated glomerular filtration

rate), dietary protein should be maintained at the
recommended daily allowance of 0.8 g/kg body
weight per day.

Fats  Whereas data on the ideal total dietary fat content for

people with diabetes are inconclusive, an eating plan

emphasizing elements of a Mediterranean-style diet

rich in monounsaturated fats may improve glucose
metabolism and lower CVD risk and can be an

effective alternative to a diet low in total fat but
relatively high in carbohydrates.

 Eating foods rich in long-chain omega-3 fatty acids,

such as fatty fish and nuts and seeds , is
recommended to prevent or treat CVD;

 Evidence does not support recommending omega-3

supplements for people with diabetes for the
prevention or treatment of cardiovascular events.

Sodium  As for the general population, people with diabetes

should limit sodium consumption to < 2,300 mg/day,

although further restriction may be indicated for
those with both diabetes and hypertension.

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