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✓ Congenital
✓ Traumatic or due systemic diseases like DM
✓ prolonged corticosteroid treatment etc.
b) Glaucoma
i) Primary glaucoma: It is of 2 types:
✓ Open angle (seen in people above the age of 50 years)
✓ Angle-closure glaucoma
ii) Congenital glaucoma
iii) Secondary glaucoma
c) Retinopathies
d) Retinal detachment
e) Refractive error
Types
✓ Myopia
✓ Hypermetropia
f) Blindness
Color blindness - It is impairment of color perception
✓cause of blindness
✓ Residual visual acuity and any inmpainnent of functional capacity
✓ Occupation
✓ Progressive
✓ any systemic disorders
g) Strabismus / Squint - It is weakness or defective nerve supply to the extra-ocular muscle
which results in inability of the eyes to move together
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