Page 115 - Life Insurance underwriting Ebook IC 22

CHAPTER –15

SPECIAL SENSES: DISORDER OF THE EYES, EARS, AND NOSE

1. Understand the functioning of the eyes and various disorders of the eyes.

1.1 Parts of the eye

Anatomy of the eye

a) Pupil: hole in the center of the eye through which light passes through.

b) Iris: circular band of muscles that control the size of the pupil. Pigmentation
of the iris gives color to the eve.

e) Cornea: transparent tissues covering the front of the eve.

d) Conjunctiva: mucous membrane which covers the sclera and the inside of
the eyelids

e) Sclera. Also known as the white of the eye, it protects the inner parts.

f) Lens: highly elastic biconvex bode which bends light passing through the
eye. Enabling, us to change focus according to different distances.

g) Retina: layer of tissue at the back of the eve which contains photo receptors called rods and
cones.

h) Vitreous humor: is a clear gel which provides constant pressure to maintain
the shape of the eve.

1.2 Functioning of the eye

Light passes through the cornea, pupil, and lens before hitting the retina.

1.3 Disorders of the eve

a) Cataract - It is the formation of opacities on the lens of the eve

✓ Age related (senile)

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