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Craniostenosis (craniosynostosis )

Definition : premature closure of one or more cranial sutures

Classification :
➢ Primary craniostenosis: idiopathic dysfunctional osteoblasts or

osteoclasts → abnormal skull development
➢ Secondary craniostenosis : due to failure of brain growth

Clinical picture :

➢ Skull deformities :

-Scaphocephaly :

The most common form

Premature closure of the sagittal suture: long and narrow skull with prominent

occiput

Neurologically free

-Frontal plagiocephaly :

The second most common form

Premature closure of coronal suture: unilateral flattening of the forehead

-Occipital plagiocephaly :

Premature closure of lambdoid suture: unilateral occipital flattening

-Brachycephaly :

Premature closure of both coronal sutures: compressed back to front diameter

-Trigonocephaly (triangle skull):Premature closure of metopic suture: keel

shaped forehead