Page 387 - American Stories, A History of the United States

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16.1

Learn about some key topics related to this chapter with the
16.2 MyHistoryLab Video Series: Key Topics in U.S. History.

1 this video introduces critical issues that arose during the
16.3 Reconstruction and Its missed opportunities: 1865–1877
post-Civil War period known as Reconstruction, when the
former Confederacy was reincorporated into the United States
16.4
and the freed slaves received their first taste of U.S. citizenship.
the video examines the conflicts between Congress and
Presidents lincoln, andrew Johnson, and Ulysses S. Grant
over the goals of Reconstruction, especially the passage of
constitutional amendments to protect the rights of freedmen
and the expansion of federal government institutions to
rebuild the South and integrate it into the nation.
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extending voting rights. this video reveals how these constitutional changes were enacted to protect the 2
the amendments of Freedom In the years after the Civil War, Congress passed the thirteenth,
Fourteenth, and Fifteenth amendments to the Constitution, ending slavery, guaranteeing citizenship, and

citizenship and rights of african americans. Despite the efforts of Radical Republicans, however, southern
states passed the black Codes and engaged in other repressive measures that lasted generations.
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3 Presidential Reconstruction this video explains the way abraham lincoln approached Presidential
Reconstruction as the reincorporation of armed rebels into the Union, rather than as the aftermath of
a civil war. this allowed him to use broad war powers as commander-in-chief to control the definition
and progress of Reconstruction. Radical Republicans in Congress hoped to extend federal power even
more broadly to remake Southern society, empowering the former slaves, but lincoln’s successor,
andrew Johnson, by contrast, sought to pardon former Confederate planters as quickly as possible
and readmit the southern states to the Union with few conditions. the clash between Johnson and
Congress led to his impeachment.
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the Compromise of 1877 Reconstruction came to an end in the South with the Compromise of 1877,
a political deal in which Republican Rutherford b. Hayes was awarded electoral victory over Democrat 4
Samuel tilden in the contested Presidential election of 1876, on the understanding that Hayes
would withdraw the remaining federal troops from the states of the former confederacy. this video
examines the Compromise of 1877, sometimes known as “the Great betrayal,” because it closed off the
possibilities for the freed slaves to achieve full citizenship for another hundred years.
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who were seeking evidence that the slaves were willing and able to serve the Union. the Planter
became a Union army transport, and Smalls was made its captain after being commissioned as an
officer. During the remainder of the war, he rendered conspicuous and gallant service as captain
and pilot of Union vessels off the coast of South Carolina.
Like other African Americans who fought for the Union, Smalls had a distinguished political
career during Reconstruction, serving in the South Carolina constitutional convention, the state
legislature, and the U.S. Congress. He was also a shrewd businessman and owned extensive prop-
erties in Beaufort, South Carolina, and its vicinity. the electoral organization Smalls established
was so effective that he controlled local government and was elected to Congress even after the
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