Page 21 - CCFA Journal - 12th Issue

加中金融 Risk Management 风险管理

CCFA Risk Forum on Bank Defaults and Liquidity Risk Management

CCFA 风险论坛-银行违约与风险管理

As part of the professional in-person events hosted by the CCFA, the forum on liquidity risk and bank failure held at Deloitte's
downtown Toronto office quickly became a hit among risk professionals. Ben Yu, a senior manager in financial engineering and
modeling at Deloitte, provided a quick walkthrough of liquidity risk and bank failure in the Canadian banking industry.
The summary was translated by CCFA volunteer, Ryan Xian.

由 CCFA 举办的系列线下活动之一，以流动性风险为主题的讲座于 2023 年 7 月 6 日晚举行。众多工作于多伦多各大金融
机构的专业人士在德勤（Deloitte）多伦多办公室齐聚一堂。就职于德勤 Financial Engineering and Modeling 的高级经理 Ben
Yu 为大家深入浅出地介绍了加拿大银行系统中的流动性风险（liquidity risk）以及可能因此产生的银行倒闭（bank failure）
的问题。本中文摘要由 CCFA 义工 Jeff Guo 整理。

Bank failure walkthrough

银行倒闭全流程概述

These crises initially occur through rumors. Patrons of the bank begin to doubt the safety of their deposits and withdraw their
funds in a panic. This dramatic increase in withdrawals exacerbates the panic, while the bank's cash reserves sharply decrease.
With the decrease in the bank's cash, the bank is forced to sell its assets to fulfill depositors' requests, which leads to greater
losses. This is called a bank run. At the same time, regulators will monitor the liquidity status of banks more strictly. When a bank's
liquidity indicators fail to meet regulatory requirements or even become insolvent, the bank will be taken over by a manager
appointed by the regulator (such as Deloitte) and enter the liquidation stage.
最初的危机始于谣言。人们会感到恐慌，担心其银行存款的安全性，进而去银行取出自己的存款。随着取款的人数增加，
恐慌的情绪进一步蔓延，从而造成恶性循环。提款的需求如滚雪球般越滚越大，银行的现金储备便会随着取款人数的增加
而急剧减少。此时，银行必须处置自己的资产来维持其现金流，而这往往伴随着损失。这便是可怕的挤兑（bank run）。
同时，监管会更加严格地监控银行的流动性状况。当银行的流动性指标不能达到监管的要求，甚至资不抵债时，银行就会
被监管机构指定的管理人（例如德勤）接手，进入清算（liquidation）阶段。

CCFA JOURNAL OF FINANCE November 2023 Page 21 第21页