Page 13 - Chapter 3: Cells and Tissues

mRNA copies and carries the genetic code from the nucleus to
the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. tRNA is attached to the
individual amino acids in the cytoplasm. tRNA matches itself to
the code on mRNA and aligns the amino acids in the proper
sequence.
i. Using the strand of mRNA in (g), provide the codes for the
individual tRNA molecules.

CGG AUA CAU UCG AAA
j. Differentiate between transcription and translation.

Transcription occurs within the nucleus as the code is copied
from DNA to mRNA. Translation occurs along the ribosomes
(cytoplasm) as the tRNA base-pairs with the mRNA.

k. Five steps in protein synthesis.
The five steps in protein synthesis:

1. copying of the code by mRNA (transcription)
2. transport of mRNA to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm,

3. base-pairing of tRNA and mRNA (translation),
4. formation of peptide bonds as the peptide grows, and
5. termination of the completed protein from the mRNA.

F) Tissues and Membranes
1. Tissue
Tissues are group of cells that are similar to each other in
structure and function.

2. Membranes are thin sheets of tissue that cover surfaces, line
body cavities, and surround organs.

There are four major types of tissues:
a) Epithelial
b) Connective
c) Nervous
d) Muscular