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erendum. Indigenous Peoples were subject to fines and the List of Non-Self-Governing Territories. The United
imprisonment if they attempted to vote if they could not States equivocated on its promise not to equivocate by
read, write and speak English. The UN did not properly the Head of the United States Delegation and refused
scrutinize the referendum and adopted GA Resolution Pakistan's recommendation.
1469 without the safeguards foreseen in Chapter XI of
the Charter. In a recent letter dated 30 April 2018, the then Independent
Expert on the promotion of a democratic and equitable in-
At the San Francisco Conference in 1945, the United ternational order endorsed the premise that there is Apart-
States delegate, under the leadership of Secretary of State heid in Alaska: The United States Supreme Court instituted
Edward Reilly Stettinius Jr., affirmed to the Netherlands doctrines of superiority and racial discrimination in law
delegate that "protection against abuses" in Article 73 of and policy by the Tee-Hit- Ton v United States of America
the UN Charter includes the obligation to protect against (348 U.S. 272, 1955) making it clear in footnote 18 that
racial superiority. "This purpose in acquisition and its effect on land held by
the natives [of the Philippines] was distinguished from the
What other Special Procedures and Mechanisms support settlement of the white race in the United States where the
your claim for re-enlistment? dominant purpose of the whites in America was to occupy
UN Special Rapporteur Erica-Irene A. Daes denounced the land" Further, the Tee-Hit-Ton judgment relies on the
the racially motivated McIntosh and the Tee-Hit-Ton precedent of the Johnson v McIntosh, (21 US. (8 Wheat.)
cases that were used to confiscate land or property with- 543, 1823) case which held that the character and religion
out due process of law and without just compensation. of the native inhabitants of America justified "considering
Without Tribal Government consent the US Congress them as a people over whom the superior genius of Europe
relied on these cases to extinguish title and to unilater- might claim an ascendency" The denial of the right of self-
ally adopt the 1971 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act determination on grounds of racial discrimination and the
(ANCSA). application of doctrines of superiority constitutes a crime
against humanity tantamount to a form of Apartheid.
The Human Rights Committee called on the United States
of America in 2006 to address the permanent trusteeship The 1970 General Assembly Declaration on Friendly Re-
of Alaska. In 2015 at the Human Rights Council's debate lations adopted by consensus states that the status of a
on the US report under the Universal Periodic Review, territory or colony remains separate and distinct until
the Islamic State of Pakistan recommended the imple- the people have exercised their right of self-determina-
mentation of paragraph 69 (n) of report A1681284, to es- tion in accordance with the purposes and principles of
sentially re-enlist Alaska, Hawaii and put the Dakotas on
INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMAT - DIVA 29