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Long History in Brief      23


                                          flourished,  is  recognized  in  the  Armenian
                                          history as the Golden Age.
                                             •  The  fifth  period:  This  period,  com-
                                          prising the 6th and 7th Centuries, was a time
                                          of  struggle  for  the  maintenance  of  the  Ar-
                                          menian  Church's independence on  doctrinal
                                          ground, especially in the wake of its rejection
                                          of the Council of Chalcedon.
                                             •  The  sixth  period:  This  period,  which
                                          extended over the 7th to 9th Centuries, was
                                          a  time  of  hardship  and  stagnation  under
                                          Arab domination.
                                             •  The  seventh  period:  The  rule  of  the
                                          dynasty of the Pakradounies, in the 9th and
                                          10th Centuries, marked a period of cultural
                                          awakening and the thriving of monasticism.
                                             •  The  eighth  period:  The  Cilician  Period,
                                          covering  the  11th  to  the  14th  Centuries,  is
                                          known  as  the  Silver  Age  of  Armenian  his-
                                          tory.
                                             •  The  ninth  period:  The  15th  and  16th
                                          Centuries, marked by heavy oppression and
                                          persecutions  under  the  Ottoman  rule,  are
                                          described as our dark ages.
                                             •  The  tenth  period:  The  17th  and  18th
                                          Centuries  were  a  time  of  cultural  and
                                          spiritual  revival.  The  printing  of  the  first
                                          Armenian Bible was followed by important
                                          religious  publications  and  cultural  achieve-
                                          ments.
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