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228                         Fundamentals of Computers                           NPP


                                                   CD  00    01    11   10
                                                 AB
                                                  00   0     0     1     1


                                                  01   0     1     0     0


                                                  11   0     0     1     1

                                                  10   0     1     1     1


                      There  are two quads, one pair and one      Xmo ŠdmS>, EH$ noAa VWm EH$ qgJb go gab ì`§OH$
                  single. The simplified expression is:
                                                              {ZåZmZwgma àmßV hmoJm:

                                                f =  C . A  +  C . B  +  D . B . A  +  D . C . B . A
                       Problem 3.68   NPP                          àíZ 3.68
                      Simplify the following Boolean expres-      K-_on H$s ghm`Vm go gab H$amo:
                  sion using Karnaugh map method:
                                            (a) F = πM (4, 6, 7)
                                            (b) Y = πM (0, 3, 5, 6, 7, 12, 15)
                                            (c) F =    C . B . A  + A .  C . B  +  C . B . A  +  B . A  + A
                  Solution:                                   hc:

                      (a) The given expression is F = πM (4, 6, 7)  (a) Cnamoº$ ì`§OH$ F = πM (4, 6, 7) go  K-_on
                  The Karnaugh map can be drawn as below:     {ZåZmZwgma ~Zm`m Om gH$Vm h¡:

                                                 A  B .C  00  01   11    10


                                                 0    1      1     1      1


                                                 1    0      1     0      0

                      The Karnaugh map contains one quad          EH$ ŠdmS> d EH$ noAa Amodabon H$a aho h¢Ÿ& AV…
                  Overlapping with the pair. The simplified ex-  gabrH¥$V ì`§OH$ {ZåZmZwgma àmßV hmoJm:
                  pression can be written as:

                                                       F =  A +  C . B
                      (b) The given expression is Y = πM (0, 3, 5,  (b) Cnamoº$ ì`O§H$ Y = πM (0, 3, 5, 6, 7, 12, 15)
                  6, 7, 12, 15). The Karnaugh map and groups can  go gmV 0 àmßV hm|JoŸ& AÝ` ñWmZm| na 1 aIH$a VWm J«wn
                  be drawn as follows:
                                                              ~ZmZo na K-_on {ZåZmZwgma àmßV hmoJm:
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