Page 18 - Economics (3-30)

l el kef; dh b; j cqd 2017
bdksukWfed i zQhMe jSafdax  bl l wpdkad esaaa ; eu dk LFkku vafre (128oka) gSA
 phu dks bl ckj 25 l okZf/ d uokpkjh vFkZO; oLFkkvksa (Most Inno-
 fo' o ds fofHkUu ns' kksa esaaa vkfFkZd Lora=krk (Economic Freedom) dh vative Economies) esaaa ' kkfey fd; k x; k gSA
fLFkfr dk vkdyu vejhdk ds gSfjVst i Qkm.Ms' ku o okWy LVªhV t uZy
}kjk bdksukWfed i zQhMe b.MsDl ds vk/ kj i j fd; k t krk gSA l wpdkad esaaa Hkkjr
 bl ds fy, b.MsDl vkWi Q bdksukWfed i zQhMe dh x.kuk mu ns' kksa ds  eè; e vk; okys ns' kksa esaaa Hkkjr uokpkj xq.koÙkk dh n`f"V l s czkt hy dks
fy, dh t krh gS] ft Ugsa bl vè; ; u esaa ' kkfey fd; k x; k gksA i hNs NksM+dj nwl js LFkku i j gSA
 Hkkjr ds fy, ; g l wpdkad 56-2 bl o"kZ (2016) dh fji ksVZ esaaa  vuql a/ ku , oaaa fodkl dh n`f"V l s Hkkjr nf{k.k , oaaa eè; , f' k; k {ks=k
vkdfyr fd; k x; k gS] ft l l s 176 ns' kksa esaaa ml dk LFkku 123ok¡jgkgSA esaaa i zFke LFkku i j gSA
 0&100 ds chp eku okys l wpdkad dk eku ft ruk vf/ d gksrk gS]  vkS| ksfxd okrkoj.k] f' k{kk O; ; ] uohu m| ksx l `t u rFkk jpukRed
og vkfFkZd Lora=krk dh vPNh fLFkfr dks fu: fi r djrk gS rFkk oLrqvksa , oaaa l sokvksa ds mRi knu l s l acf/ r l adsrdksa esaaa Hkkjr dh fLFkfr
l wpdkad dk eku de gksuk vkfFkZd Lora=krk u gksuk n' kkZrk gSA det ksj i znf' kZr dh xbZ gSA
 o"kZ 2016 dh fji ksVZ esaaa ' kh"kZ LFkku gkaxdkax dk gS] ft l ds fy, ; g GII-2016 ds ' kh"kZ i kap ns' k
l wpdkad 88-8 vkdfyr fd; k x; k gSA fji ksVZ esaaa i k¡p ns' k gh , sl s gSa
ft uds fy, vkfFkZd Lora=krk l wpdkad dk eku 80 l s vf/ d gS rFkk jSad ns' k jSad ns' k
ft Ugsa vkfFkZd n`f"V l s Lora=k djkj fn; k x; k gSA buesaaa gkaxdkax dsi ' pkr~ 1- fLoV~t jySaM 2- LohMu
Øe' k% fl axki qj] U; wt hyS.M] fLoV~t jyS.M o vkLVªsfy; k ds LFkku gSA 3- ; wukbVsM fdaxMe 4- l a; qDr jkT; vesaafjdk
5-
fi QuySaM
 33 ns' k ft uds fy, l wpdkad dk eku 70 l s 79-9 ds chp gS] dks
vfèkdka' kr% Lora=k (Mostly Free) dh Js.kh esaaa j[ kk x; k gSA buesaaa i QksCl Z % 100 l okZf/ d ' kfDr' kkyhefgykvksa dh l wph
dukMk (NBk LFkku)] fpyh (7)] fczVsu (10)] vejhdk (11)]  i zfl ¼ vesfjdh O; kol kf; d i f=kdk i QksCl Z (Forbes) }kjk fo' o ds
rkboku (14)] ekWfj' kl (15)] t eZuh (17)] t ki ku (22)] l a; qDr l okZfèkd / uh O; fDr; ksa , oaaa dai fu; ksa dh fofHkUu oxksZa esaaa t kjh dh t kus
vjc vehjkr (25)] nf{k.k dksfj; k (27)] drj (34) o bt jk; y okyh l wfp; ksa ds l kFk&l kFk i zfr o"kZ fo' o dh 100 l okZf/ d ' kfDr' kkyh
(35) vkfn ' kkfey gSaA efgykvksa dh l wph Hkh t kjh dh t krh gSA
 62 ns' k] ft uds fy, bdksukWfed i zQhMe b.MsDl dk eku 50 l s 59-  6 t wu] 2016 dks i QksCl Z }kjk t kjh l wph esaaa t eZuh dh pkal yj , at sykedsZy
9 rd gS] ^eksLVyh vui zQh* ns' k ds : i esaaa fji ksVZ esaaa oxhZd`r gSaA buesaaa dks yxkrkj N% o"kks± rd ' kh"kZ ' kfDr' kkyh efgyk ?kksf"kr fd; k x; k gSA
Hkkjr Hkh ' kkfey gSA
 bl l wph esaaa nwl jk LFkku o"kZ 2016 ds vesfjdh jk"Vªi fr pqukoksaesaaMseksØsfVd
l okZf/ d Lora=k o l cl s de Lora=k jk"Vª i kVhZ dh l aHkkfor mEehnokj fgysjh fDyaVu dks i znku fd; kx; kgSA
l okZf/ d Lora=k  o"kZ 2016 dh 100 l okZf/ d ' kfDr' kkyh efgykvksa dh i QksCl Z l wph esaaa
Øekad ns' k Øekad ns' k 4 Hkkjrh; efgykvksa dks LFkku fn; k x; k gSA
1- gkaxdkax 2- fl axki qj  bl l wph esaaa Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad dh i zca/ funs' kd v#a/ fr Hkêðkpk; Z dks
3- U; wt hyS.M 4- fLoV~t jyS.M 25oka LFkku i zkIr gqvk gSA xr o"kZ mudk bl l wph esaaa 30oka LFkku FkkA
5- vkLVªsfy; k 6- dukMk  vkbZl hvkbZl hvkbZ cSad dh l hbZvks rFkk i zca/ funs' kd pank dkspj dks
7- fpyh 8- vk; jyS.M 40oka (xr o"kZ 35oka) LFkku i zkIr gqvk gSA
9- , LVksfu; k 10- fczVsu  bl h l wph esaaa ' kkfey nks vU; Hkkjrh; efgyk, a ck; ksdkWu dh l aLFkki d
l cl s de Lora=k fdj.k et wenkj ' kkW rFkk , pVh ehfM; k dh i zeq[ k ' kksHkuk Hkjfr; k gSa]
169 vt sZ.Vhuk 170 bfDoVksfj; y xqfu; k ft Ugsa Øe' k% 77oka rFkk 93oka LFkku i zkIr gqvk gSA
171 bZjku 172 dkaxks  fo' o dh 100 l okZf/ d ' kfDr' kkyh efgykvksa esaaa vesaafjdk dh l okZfèkd
173 bjhfVª; k 174 rqdZesaafuLrku 51 efgyk, a ' kkfey gSaA nwl jk LFkku phu dk gS] t gka l s 9 efgykvksa
175 ft EckCos 176 osust q, yk dks bl esaaa LFkku fd; k x; k gSA
177 D; wck 178 mÙkj dksfj; k fo' o dh ' kh"kZ 10 l okZf/ d ' kfDr' kkyh efgyk, a
oSf' od uokpkj l wpdkad 2016 jSad uke ns' k oxZ
1- , at syk edsZy t eZuh jkt uhfr
15 vxLr] 2016 dks ^oSf' od uokpkj l wpdkad] 2016* t kjh fd; k 2- fgysjh fDyaVu ; w-, l -, - jkt uhfr
x; kA bl fji ksVZ ds ekè; e l s nqfu; k Hkj dh 128 vFkZO; oLFkkvksa dks jSafdax 3- t susV ; sysu ; w-, l -, - foÙk , oaaa fuos' k
i znku dh xbZ gSA o"kZ 2016 ds ^oSf' od uokpkj l wpdkad* dk dsanzh; 4- esaafyaMk xsV~l ; w-, l -, - i jksi dkj@, ut hvks
fo"k; ^^oSf' od uokpkj ds l kFk t hr** (Winning With Global Inno- 5- esaajh cjkZ ; w-, l -, - eksVjokgu
vation) gSA 6- fØLVhu ySxkMsZ Úkal vFkZ' kkL=k
 bl l wpdkad esaaa fLoV~t jySaM ' kh"kZ LFkku i j gSA 7- ' ksfjy l SaMcxZ ; w-, l -, - i zkS| ksfxdh
 Hkkjr dk 128 ns' kksa dh l wph esaaa 66oka LFkku gSA 8- l ql ku okst fl Ldh ; w-, l -, - i zkS| ksfxdh
 eè; rFkk nf{k.k , f' k; k dh {ks=kh; jSafdax esaaa bl o"kZ Hkkjr 9- esaax fàVesaau ; w-, l -, - i zkS| ksfxdh
' kh"kZLFkkui j jgkA 10- , uk i sVªhfl ; k Li su foÙk , oaaa fuos' k
, Mq bafM; k i fCyds' ku [20]