Page 64 - CHAPTER 1 (1) shima_Neat

THEORY X & Y (DOUGLAS MC GRAGOR)

• Believed the classical perspective was based on theory X

assumptions about workers.

• Theory Y is more realistic view of workers for guiding

management theory.

Assumptions of Theory X (Bad Workers)

 The average worker has an intense dislike of work and will avoid

responsibility

 Because of the human characteristic of dislike for work, most workers

must be threatened with punishment to force them toward the

achievement of organizational objectives

 The average worker prefers to be directed, to avoid responsibility, has

relatively little ambition and wants security