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8. The Bibliography/References

A journal article has bibliography or references in it. The format of the
writing is also varied. However, the information that they carry is often the same.

No. The The Order of Information
Source

1. Book (1) author(s), (2) year of publication, (3) book title, (4) place
of publication, and (5) publishing company

e.g. Tabachnick, B. and Fidell, L. (2007). Using Multivariate

Statistics, 5th edn. Boston: Pearson Education.
2. Book (1) author(s), (2) year of publication, (3) book chapter, (4)

Chapter editor, (5) book title, (6) place of publication, and (7)
publishing company, (8) page range of the chapter

e.g. Marton F and Saljo R. (2005). Approaches to learning. In:
Marton F, Hounsell D and Entwistle N (eds) The Experience of

Learning: Implications for Teaching and Studying in Higher
Education, 3rd Internet edition. Edinburgh: Centre for

Teaching, Learning and Assessment, University of Edinburgh,
pp.39–58.

3 Journal (1) author(s), (2) year of publication of the article, (3) article
Article title, (4) journal title, (5) volume of journal, (6) issue number

of the journal in round brackets, (7) page range of the article
e.g. Waite, S. and Davis, B. (2006). Developing undergraduate

research skills in a faculty of education: Motivation through
collaboration. Higher Education Research and Development

25(4): 403–19.
4. Website (1) author(s) or the institution, (2) year, month, and date

published (or write “n.d.” if there is not any information
available), (3) article title, (4) the web address of the article

e.g. The Science Education Resource Center at Carleton
College. (n.d.). What is Cooperative Learning?. Retrieved from

https://serc.carleton.edu/introgeo/ cooperative/whatis.html

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