Page 58 - Dilmun 23

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‫ﺍﺎﻈﻟﺮﻫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﺘﻻﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﻓﻦ ﻍ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫"‬
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‫ﻭﺑﺨﻻﻑ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﻱ ﻳﻌﺎﺭﺽ (ﺃﺮﺘﺴﻟ ﺑﻨﺪ)ﻧﺖ ‪ Aistar Bendt-‬ﻣﺎ ﺫﻫﺐ ﺇﻪﻴﻟ (ﻛﺎﺭﻟﻮﻓﺴﻜﻲ)‪.‬‬
‫ﺮﻴﺸﻣًﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﻖﺋ ﺍﺎﺘﻜﻟﻴﺑﺔﻭﺍﻷﺛﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔ ‪ 2‬ﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮﺍ ﻳﺴﻬﻢ ‪2‬‬ ‫ﺭ‪١‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﻳﻀﻴﺢ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺗﻻﻝ ﺍﺪﻤﻟﺍﻦﻓ‪ 2‬ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺱ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﻓﺪﻳﻦ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻟﻢ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺑﺎﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﺔﻔﺸﺘﻜﻤﻟ ﻑﺗﻻﻝ ﺍﺪﻤﻟﺍﻦﻓﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺴﺎﻫﻢ ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺗﺮﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺎﺘﻜﻟﻴﺑﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﻗﺪﺳﻴﺔ ﺃﺭﺽ ﺩﻮﻤﻟﻥ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺎﻛﻥ ﺎﻨﻫﻙ ﺃﻱ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩﻱ ﺪﻟﻯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻣﺮﻳﻴﻦ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﺧﻠﻮﺩ ‪ 2‬ﺃﺭﺽﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﺈﻓﻥ ﺃﻞﺻ ﻭﺪﺼﻣﺭ ﺬﻫﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻟﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﻧﺎﺗﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬

‫ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ﻧﻔﺴﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ "‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﻭﺟﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺮﺧﻯﻭﺍﻤﻬﻤﻟﺔ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﺮﻫﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﻳﺔ ﻟﺘﻻﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﻓﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺮﺿﻪ‬
‫(ﺑﺮﻭﻧﻮ‪،‬ﺮﻓﻭﺶ)ﺘﻴﻟ‪ B. Frohlich-‬ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺮﻳﻯ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺗﻻﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﻓﻦ‪ 2‬ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ‬
‫‪ ١٧٢‬ﺃﻟﻒ ﻞﺗ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ ١٥٠‬ﺃﻒﻟ ﺗﻨﺘﻤﻲ ﺇﻰﻟ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺰﻧﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻜﺮ (‪ ١٨٠٠ -٠٠٨٢‬ﻕ‪.‬ﻡ)‬
‫ﻭﻳﺮﻯ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻻﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﻓﻦ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻇﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺮﻴﺜﻣﺓ ﺗﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺎﻬﺒﺒﺳ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﺸﻴﺮﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﻲﺘﻟ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﺪﺍﻦﻓ ﺑﺎﺏ ﺍﺮﻬﻄﻟﺓ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻷﺭﺩﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﺪﺋﺓ ﻟﺒﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﻧﺰﻱ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻇﻬﺮﺕ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻣﻤﺎﺛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﻓﻦ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻮﺤﺑﺍﻲﻟ ‪ ٢٥٠٠٠‬ﻣﺪﻓﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ‬
‫ﻧﺘﺞ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻭﻮﺟﺩ ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ ﺳﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻑ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ (ﻓﺮﻭﻟﻴﺘﺶ)‬
‫ﺃﻥﻻ ﻧﺴﻬﺐ‪ 2‬ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺗﻻﻝ ﻣﺪﺍﻓﻦ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﻲ ﻟﺴﻜﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺎﻋﺭﺽ ﻭﺑﺸﺪﺓ ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻓﻮﻧﻴﻦ ﺎﺟﺀﻭﺍ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻤﺜﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻘﺒﺮﺓ ﺮﻴﺒﻛﺓ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﻃﻨﻴﻦ ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ ﻭﺷﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺟﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻣﻘﺪﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻤﺴﻚ (ﻓﺮﻭﻟﻴﺘﺶ)ﺮﺑﺃﻳﺔ ﺑﺄﻥ ﺗﻻﻝ ﻣﺪﺍﻓﻦ ﻣﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺨﺺ ﺳﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻭﺣﺪﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻤﻮﻧﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺃﻥ ﻛﺜﺮﺕ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺗﻻﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﻓﻦﻻ ﻳﻔﺴﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻴﺮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺗﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺝ‪ ،‬ﺇﺫ ﺃﻥ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﻳﺮﺓ ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ﺳﻜﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﺎﻓﻴًﺎ ﺬﻬﻟﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺗﻰ‪ 2‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﻓﻦ ‪ ٣٥‬ﺳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺩﻟﻤﻮﻥ ‪ ١٠٠٥٠٠‬ﻧﺴﻤﺔ ﻔﺼﺑﺔﻤﻈﺘﻨﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﺕ‬
‫‪ 2‬ﻛﻞ ﻨﺳﺔ ‪ ٢٠٠‬ﻣﻴﺖ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﺧﻻﻝ ‪ ٥٠٠‬ﺳﻨﺔ ﻓﻘﻄﻞ ‪ ١٥٠‬ﺃﻟﻒ‬

‫‪1- A Ister, B "Dilmun, Bahrain and the Alleged Paradise myth" Ln: potts , D ed, Dilmun:‬‬
‫‪New Sudies in the Archaeology and Early Histoyr of Bahrain B.BV.O : Berlin,NO,‬‬

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‫ﻭﺟﺪﺭ‪ ٦٥‬ﺃﺻﺘﺠﻜﻢ‬