Page 104 - Dilmun 22

‫ﺗﺎﻳﺲ‬ ‫"‬

‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﻞ ﻭﺑﺪﺍﻳﺘﻬﺎ‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻭﺭﺍﺎﺘﻳﻥ ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴﺘﺎﻥ ‪ 2‬ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﻞ ﻭﺗﺎﺭﺎﻬﺨﻳ ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﻛﻞ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺎﺗﻴﻦ ﺍﺮﻟﻭﺍﻦﻴﺘﻳ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺃﺮﺧﻯ ﻓﺮﻋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﺟﻨﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﺬﻫﺐ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﺮﻟﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﻞ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﻣﻨﺬ ﺮﺘﻓﺓ ﺍﻷﻳﻮﺳﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻧ ًﻴﺎ ‪Eocene Period Lowe‬‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﻓﺘﺮﺓ ﺃﻭﺍﻞﺋ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ ٥٥‬ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻥ ﻋﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﺑﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺒﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﺪﺒﻟﺍﺎﻳﺕ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺤﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻮﺠﻟﺍﺩ‪ 2‬ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻮﻩ ‪٢‬ﺍ ﺑﻮﺻﺔ‪ .‬ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻤﻴﺰﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻭﺿﺤﺖ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻤﻬﺎ ﺪﺑﺃ ﻳﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺃﺳﻴﺎ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻻﺩ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻦ ﻭﻣﻨﻐﻮﻟﻴﺎ ﺛﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻻﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺘﺎﺭ ﻭﺟﻨﻮﺏ ﻏﺮﺏ ﺃﺎﻴﺳ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﺮﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺼﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻗﻄﺎﺭ ﺷﺮﻕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻭﺃﻭﻭﺭﺎﺑ‪ .‬ﻭ‪ 2‬ﺳﻨﺔ ﻡ‪ ١٥١٩‬ﻧﻘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻭﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻴﻨﻴﻘﻴﻴﻦ ﻫﻢ ﺃﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﻀﺮﺏ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺣﻻﺗﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺨﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻔﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺰﻳﻦ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﺘﻤﺎﺛﻴﻞ ﻟﺮﺅﻭﺱ ﺧﻴﻞ ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪٠‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺘﻔﺮﻉ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺘﺎﻥ‪:‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﻮﻝ ﺇﻥ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺧﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺎﺟﺀﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﺱ ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻩ ﺳﻴﺪﻧﺎ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻻﻡ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻗﻮﻡ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﻹ‬

‫ﺃﻋﺞ‬ ‫‪e‬ﺝ‪e‬ﺝ‪e‬‬