Page 190 - Dilmun 21

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Several conrontations between the Potruguese and the British took place. {‫ﺍ‬
he inal one was on Februayr 1622 when Shah Abbas s orces captured the
Fotr o Hormu2 with the assistance o the British leet in the ‫ﻥ‬I. his was
the result o Edward onno (ormer agent o the English East lndia
ompany in lran) and the company s bribe taking James ١ and the Duke o
Buckingham, iwth 10,000 each to persuade them to ward o the wrath o the
King o Spain, engendered by the ompany s acts o war at a time when
England and Spain were oicially at peace.

Jnder the terms o the treaty between Potrugal and Shah Abbas in 1625 the
Potruguese returned to Iran all its coastal possessions and the P.ul
retaining only the pealr banks at Bahrain and a potrion o the Kung ustoms.
Bahrain was already under Shah Abbas s rule rom 1612. he triumph o the
English and the disappearance o the Potruguese monopoly were shotr lived
because the ships rom Holland arrived in the area to challenge English
supremacy.

١n 1602 the Dutch east india ompany was ormed. It soon became obvious
that the opinion o the Dutch that the commerce o the oluccas, Amboina
and Banda should belong to the Dutch East lndia company and htat no other
nation should have the least patr . ١٨ 1641 the Dutch captured alacca and
bewteen 16-165 they epelled the Potruguese rom eylon, ١٨ 1652 they
established a colony on the ape o ood Hope. ١n 1625 the Dutch
cooperated with the English to rustrate a Potruguese attempt to recapture
Hormuz. ١n 629 the Dutch estalbished a actoyr at Bandar Abbas and
monopolizes the spice trade with Iran. he conlict bewteen to wto
companies continued in 1645 the Dutch attacked Qishm lsland and obtained
rom Shah Abbas a license to purchase silk in any patr o lran.

By middle o the 17 centuyr the East lndia o actoyr moved rom Bandar
Abbas to Basra but the Dutch sent ships to Basra and ivtrually destroyed
the English actory. But at the conclusion o peace in 1654 damages o
5,000 were awarded to the English company. England and Holland were at
war again 1665-1667 but the independence o the Netherlands was assured
by the treaty o Nijmegan in 167 and England was in alliance with Holland
against France 16.

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