Page 43 - UL_Report On_Part 1

33 IITGN-UL/Façade 34 IITGN-UL/Façade

Ventilation condition wood members of size 38mm x 38mm x 750mm arranged in alternate layers at
right angles (18 layers of 8) was placed outside test compartment close to the
The amount of ventilation in a fire compartment can be described by the ventilation provided in the façade assembly in order to allow easy propagation
ventilation factor or opening factor Fv (m0.5) given by of fire from crib to the façade assembly and then within the compartment.
Stainless steel plate of 33cm diameter filled up to 1.15 cm with gasoline placed
F = A v H v / A t beneath the crib was used as an ignition source.
v
Density of gasoline is 719.7 kg/m3 while its calorific value of is 45.8 MJ/kg.
where is the area of the window opening (m2), is the height of the Using these values, the fire load used as ignition source was 32.4 MJ
window opening (m) and is the total internal area of the bounding
surfaces (including openings) (m2). As the fire progresses, the ventilation 0.0700

FIRE LOAD SCENARIOS COMPUTED AS keeps on changing due to failure of façade panels. 0.0600
Initial ventilation at the ground floor was provided by opening two 1200
mm x 400 mm glass panels. Size of the fire compartment is 6m x 3.84m x
FLED AT EACH FLOOR LEVEL ARE 3m and height of the opening is 1200 mm. Using these values, the initial 0.0400
0.0500
ventilation factor for ground floor compartment being tested was
DEPICTED IN THE FOLLOWING IMAGES. 0.01m0.5. No initial ventilation was provided at first and second floor Ventilation Factor 0.0300

levels.
Fire was ignited through external source and allowed to grow naturally 0.0200
until it reached the second level. Glass panels failed in intact form as fire 0.0100
progresses thereby increasing the ventilation conditions within the
compartment. Figure 18 shows the variation of ventilation factor w.r.t 0.0000 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00
time, indicating that once the failure of façade panel begins, the fire Time
grows very rapidly and almost the entire façade system fails within few
seconds. Ground Floor First Floor Second Floor
Ignition Source
In this test, performance of façade system with toughened glass and ACP
subjected to external fire was tested. Wooden crib consisting of 144 pine Figure 18: Variation of ventilation factor w.r.t time at all floor levels for Test 1

Image 6: Fire load scenario at ground floor Image 7: Fire load scenario at first floor Image 8: Fire load scenario at second floor
level for Test 1 (11.5 kg w.eq.) level for Test 1 (9.5 kg w.eq.) level for Test 1 (1.6 kg w.eq.)