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 Safe Drug  very large toxic dose and much small effective dose
 LD 50 or median lethal dose  is the dose that kills 50% of experimental

animals e.g. rats or mice.
 ED 50 or median effective dose  is the dose that produces a certain
pharmacological effect in 50% experimental animals.
 The higher the therapeutic index the safer the drug.

 Values of therapeutic index:
1-So small therapeutic index means that the LD 50 is just above ED 50 e.g.

digoxin.

2-So great therapeutic index means that it is impossible to kill a patient
(the LD 50 is so great compared with ED 50 which is so small) e.g. Penicillin.

Adverse Drug Effects

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Pharmacology Mnemonics and Short Notes By Muhammad Ramzan Ul Rehman