Page 33 - Pharmacology Mnemonics and Short Notes

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Adjusted dose for patient with impaired clearance

Average dosage x patient’s clearance
Dosing rate =
Normal clearance

Therapeutic window
Safe range between the minimum therapeutic concentration and

minimum toxic concentration of a drug is called therapeutic window
 Helpful in designing dosage regimens
Minimum effective concentration  determine the trough level of drug

given intermittently
Minimum toxic concentration  determines the peak concentration of
the drug

Theophylline  8 to 16 mg/dL

Pharmacodynamics

Actions of Drug on body
 Mechanism of drug

 Receptor interactions
 Dose response phenomena

 Adverse effects of drug

Mechanism of drug action
a- Physical action, e.g., mannitol induces osmotic diuresis.

b- Chemical action, e.g. NaHCO 3 neutralizes excess HCl in hyperacidity.
Contents c- Cytotoxic action (stop cell division) e.g. anticancer drugs.

Pharmacology Mnemonics and Short Notes By Muhammad Ramzan Ul Rehman