Page 167 - Proceeding of Atrans Young Researcher's Forum 2019_Neat

“Transportation for A Better Life:
Smart Mobility for Now and Then”

23 August 2019, Bangkok, Thailand

2. Methodology of the number of NGVs and NGV stations
To achieve the main objectives of this paper, constituted 22% per annum.
a specific methodology was defined and
implemented. The steps and activities involved in it million vehicles stations
are explained below. 25 22.6 60,000
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 20 50,000
16.7 40,000
Experiential Survey Evaluation Policy 15 12.6 30,000

analysis matrix suggests 10 9.0
6.0 20,000
Step 1: Experiential analysis 5 1.5 2.3 4.1 10,000
One of the main objectives of this paper is to 0 0.6 0.8 0
2004
2010
2002
2008
specifically address the success factors for the 1996 1998 2000 Number of NGVs 2006 Number of filling stations 2012 2014
deployment of NGVs. In order to achieve this Source: NGV Global, ANGVA
objective, the developed methodology started with Fig. 1 Development of the NGV fleet worldwide
an analysis of advantages and disadvantages factors In 2014, the total number of natural gas
in NGVs development in the world. From literature vehicles worldwide reached 22.6 mln. The NGV
and the first developed brainstorming, the following refueling infrastructure included 25,400 stations.
factors are identified: technical, regulation, and Natural gas vehicles are fueled by CNG and
economy. LNG. In 1998-2014, the total consumption of natural
Step 2: Survey gas by the transport industry increased from 60 Mtoe
The goal of this questionnaire has been to to about 100 Mtoe.
collect insights from operators regarding the current The global NGV fleet structure
market barriers, to come up with policy and demonstrates prevalence of passenger cars and light-
regulatory recommendations to overcome then. weight commercial vehicles (92%) running on CNG,
Step 3: Evaluation matrix while the number of LNG-fueled heavy-duty
The evaluation matrix is a key step of this vehicles, such as trucks, buses, water and railway
paper. The results from step 1 and step 2 will be transport, remains low. Among the main reasons is
deeply evaluated. Accordingly, the listed barriers the relative youth of LNG technology, resulting in a
will be categorized into price and non-price aspects shorter track record and higher LNG prices. At
Step 4: Policy recommendation present, conversion to LNG is economically feasible
As a final step, the obtained results are only in the case of long-haul trucks.
discussed and concluded. The main results are 22.0 20
summarized, and some key messages obtained from 20.0 17
stakeholders are emphasized. From the acquired 18.0 15
16.0
knowledge of international experience and 14.0 11 13
12.0
operators’ needs, the most important and preliminary 10.0 8 9
policies are identified. 8.0 5 6
6.0
4.0 4
3. Experiential Analysis 2.0
0.0
The first natural gas vehicles in history 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
appeared in the 1930s in Italy, but the growing Cars/LDVs Buses Trucks Other
Source: IGU, 2015
supply of petroleum-based products after World War
II put the brakes on NGV market development. The Fig. 2 Categories of the NGV fleet worldwide
The Asia-Pacific region leads among NGV
second wave of NGV fleet growth occurred due to regional markets in terms of the main indicators. A
the energy crisis of the 1970s, but it was limited for
technological reasons. greater part of the total NGV fleet – 67% - is
registered in Asia. In 2000-2014 the Asian fleet
The third wave, characterized by high rates
of growth and a global impact, began late in the demonstrated the highest growth rate of 34% per
1990s in response to another energy crisis and a annum compared to the average rate of 14% in the
rest of the world.
consequent rise of oil prices. This wave was
prompted by a higher level of technological
development. In 1999-2014, the average growth rate

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