Page 7 - E-Modul Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris SD

a. The inner circle: these countries are traditional bases of English, it is
primary language, that is Great Britain and Ireland, United States, Canada,

Australia, and New Zealand.
b. The Outer or extended circle: the countries represent the earlier spread of

English in non-native context, where the language is part of the country’s

leading institutions. e.g. Singapore, India, Malawi, and 50 other territories.
c. The expending circle: this includes countries that represent the important of

English as a international language though the have no history of
colonization and English has no special administrative status in these

countries , e.g. China, Japan, Poland, and a growing number of other states.

This is English as a foreign language, expending circle is the one that most
sensitive to the global status of English. Here that English is used primarily

as an international language, especially in the business, scientific, legal,
political, and academic communities.

EFL and ESL terms emerged after the Second World War, and in

Britain no distinction was seriously made between ESL and EFL subsumed
under ELT (English Language Teaching) into the 1960s. As regards ESL in

particular, the terms has been applied to two types of teaching, ESL in the
home country of the learner and ESL for immigrants to ENL countries

(mainly a US concept and concern). The terms ESL has traditionally
referred to students who come to school speaking English other than English

at home.

2. The distinction between ESL and EFL in language classroom
An ESL classroom is in a country where English is the dominate

language. The class usually mixed nationalities, the students don not share
a native language. Outside the classroom, student have a specific practical

need for English.

An EFL classroom is in a country where English is not the dominate
language. Student share the same language and culture. The teacher may be

the only native English speaker they have exposure to. Student limited
exposure to English-speaking culture most often through a distorted lens

like TV or Music

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