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At least two dozen major food, beverage and       carbon than it emits. Dairy producers and
               apparel companies have joined the Science         others in animal agriculture should take note
               Based Targets initiative, or SBTi, a project that   that plant-based alternatives are figuring in both
               requires member companies to set scientifically   Starbucks’ and Sodexo’s plans: Starbucks plans
               valid goals for reducing their carbon emissions,   to meet its climate goal in part by switching
               with an option of following either the 2-degree   many dairy products to plant-based alternatives;
               or 1.5-degree goal.                               Sodexo says it is “raising public awareness of the
                                                                 environmental benefits of plant-based meals”
               Some companies have even pledged to become        and promoting them on menus.
               carbon neutral, including Walmart, which
               announced in September that it planned to         Based on interviews with industry officials, many
               reach that goal by 2040, 10 years ahead of the    companies aren’t clear yet how they will meet
               target set by the Paris agreement.                their goals, nor is there agreement yet on how to
                                                                 measure the impact of many practices.
               Smithfield Foods Inc., a vertically-integrated
               pork producer and processor, announced in Sep-    Those are among the reasons for a myriad
               tember it would make all of its company-owned     of research programs and pilot projects that
               operations carbon neutral by 2030, one of the     Walmart, Cargill and other corporations are
               most aggressive targets of any company.           sponsoring across the country. But many indus-
                                                                 try officials say it’s clear U.S. farmers will likely
               Rival Tyson Foods Inc., one of  the largest beef,   have to play a role in reducing U.S. greenhouse
               pork and poultry processors, committed to the     gas emissions as part of a broader effort to help
               SBTi project and has pledged to cut emissions     food companies hit their sustainability targets.
               from its production of  beef, pork and poul-
               try by 30% in the next 10 years. Tyson and        “What we are hearing on all sides of this is that
               McDonald’s Corp. are key members of  the          companies are really doubling down on their
               U.S. Roundtable for Sustainable Beef, which       commitments, and then you see companies also
               is sponsoring research on whether “adaptive       saying, ‘Not only are we going to reduce our
               multi-paddock” grazing can increase rancher       greenhouse gas footprint by this much by this
               productivity and sequester more carbon in the     day, but we commit to being carbon neutral,’”
               soil at the same time.                            said Debbie Reed, executive director of the
                                                                 Ecosystem Services Market Consortium, an
               Dole Foods Co., which produces and processes      industry-backed coalition setting up a market
               fruits and vegetables, has pledged to make its    in credits for reducing carbon emissions and
               farms carbon neutral by 2030.                     improving water quality.

               Danone, Sodexo and Starbucks Corp. have gone      The COVID-19 pandemic doesn’t appear
               beyond many other companies, pledging to slash  to have discouraged companies from moving
               its emissions in half by 2030. Unilever, whose    forward either, she said. “There is no letup in
               brands include Ben & Jerry’s and Hellmann’s,      the corporate goal setting or the desire to actu-
               said in June that it intended to reach net zero   ally work to meet them,” she said. For some
               emissions by 2039 for all products, “from the     companies, the pandemic has increased their
               sourcing of the materials we use, up to the point   food sales, making their climate goals even more
               of sale of our products.                          challenging to meet.

               Danone is further pledging to make its Hori-      Some companies, including ESMC members
               zon organic milk “carbon positive” by 2025,       Danone and General Mills plan to meet their
               meaning its supply chain will sequester more      commitments in part by purchasing offsets.



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