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                                                                   3NO ,NCDK, in which presenter Tyra Banks obsesses over the
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                                                                   has cultivated a slew of dedicated fans who reproduce the
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                                                                   /LYLQJVWRQpV      ĺOP /@QHR (R !TQMHMF).
                                                                     /LNHZLVH  2TQUHUNQ has developed a considerable schema
                                                                   associated with gameplay strategy, and the show has become
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                                                                   such a schema was the ‘car curse’, which developed over the
                                                                   earliest seasons and was subsequently openly acknowledged
                                                                   in the show. The curse implied that the contestant who would
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                                                                   overall title. In 2TQUHUNQ  &T@SDL@K@, Probst even informed
                                                                   contestant Cindy Hall of the curse before asking whether she
                                                                   would accept the reward instead of offering the other remain
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                                                                   swiftly voted out that episode. Another complex gameplay
                                                                   component is that of the ‘hidden immunity idol’ (HII), which,
                                                                   once found, makes the contestant invulnerable to being voted
                                                                   out if it is played at a tribal council. The HII has enabled a
                                                                   plethora of strategic options that are implicitly acknowledged
                                                                   between text and audience, such as splitting the vote within
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                                                                   ing contestant. Yet another term that is used liberally between
                                                                   commentators, fans and contestants is ‘goat’, the origins of
                                                                   which in 2TQUHUNQ lore aren’t entirely known. Commentators
                                                                   have noted that the term is often assigned to female contest
                                                                   ants over the age of forty, and denotes a player who would
                                                                                     8
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                                                                   siderably since 2TQUHUNQpV ĺUVW VHDVRQ  7KH o>J@URZWK RI WKH LQ
                                                                   ternational format trade’, argues Baltruschat,

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                                                                   describes as the more ‘serious’ representation of sociohistorical
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                                                                   ous subject matter. 1T/@TK R #Q@F 1@BD regularly engages with
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                                                                   American 2TQUHUNQ have had contestants openly talk about do
                                                                   mestic abuse, eating disorders, coming out and mental health.
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                                                                   in 2TQUHUNQpV QDUUDWLYH FRPSOH[LW\  $FFRUGLQJ WR 6X +ROPHV
                                                                   reality television aims for the ‘articulation of the authentic self’ in
                                                                                            12
                                                                   order to depict ‘moments of truth’, while Baltruschat argues,
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                                                                   for winning the game produce intimate accounts of unfolding
                                                                   events.’ Aside from the voiceover provided by Probst, the con

        Above, bottom: Australian Survivor host
                                                                   testants themselves act as the narrators of the show, reminding
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        3CENES FROM Australian Survivor 3EASONŢ                    viewers of key narrative information while also allowing the audi
                                                                   ence to become familiar with the contestants most important to
                                                                   the season’s narrative arcs. In the American 2TQUHUNQ, voiceovers
                                                                   have become increasingly complex, as they regularly recount
                                                                   the detailed strategic implications of losing challenges.




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