Page 455 - ACFE Fraud Reports 2009_2020

Figure 61: Position of Perpetrator — Median Loss Based on Gender

Employee $54,000 $100,000
POSITION OF PERPETRATOR Manager $119,000

$140,000

$600,000
Owner/Executive
Male
$250,000
Female
$0 $200,000 $400,000 $600,000 $800,000
MEDIAN LOSS

One possible reason for the discrepancy in median losses is that males tend to commit corruption and financial
statement fraud schemes at a much higher rate than females. In Figure 62, we see that nearly half of all frauds
committed by men involve corruption and 11% involve financial statement fraud. Women, conversely, only
committed corruption in 20% of cases and financial statement fraud in 6%. Because corruption and financial
statement fraud tend to cause larger losses than asset misappropriation, this might help explain the discrepancy
in male and female median loss. However, it is not clear why men seem more likely than women to engage in
corruption and financial statement fraud.

Figure 62: Frequency of Fraud Schemes Based on Gender

GENDER OF PERPETRATOR Male 81.5% 46.8% 10.6% Asset

Misappropriation
20.2% 6.0%
Female
93.6%
Corruption
Financial
Statement Fraud
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% 140% 160%
*Total percentages in chart exceed 100% because several PERCENT OF CASES
cases fell into more than one scheme category.

REPORT TO THE NATIONS ON OCCUPATIONAL FRAUD AND ABUSE 51