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                       External Audits
                       The most common anti-fraud measure among the victims in our study was the external
                       audit. Seventy-five percent of victims employed independent auditors. However, the
                       effectiveness of external audits in reducing fraud losses was not observable in our
                       study. In fact, the median loss was actually higher in organizations that had external
                       audits, as opposed to those that did not. Of course, there are several factors that
                       contribute to the presence and size of fraud. But it was disappointing to find no trend
                       indicating reduced losses as a result of external audits (such a trend did exist in 2002).
                       The absence of a measurable impact as a result of external audits is consistent with the
                       data we gathered on fraud detection, which showed that external audits generally
                       ranked low – behind By Accident – as a means of catching fraud.







                                   Median Loss Based on Whether Organization had External Audits



                                                                     $100,000
                              2004                              $85,000                 External Audit
                        Survey Year                                                     No External Audit




                              2002                                   $100,000
                                                                                  $140,000


                                  $0            $30,000        $50,000        $90,000        $120,000      $150,000


                                                          Median Loss































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