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Meteorology
3.6.6.1 Radiation fog ........................................................................................ 287
3.6.6.2 Advection fog ....................................................................................... 288
3.6.6.3 Orographic fog ..................................................................................... 289
3.6.6.4 Front fog ............................................................................................... 289
3.6.6.5 Shallow ................................................................................................. 290
3.6.6.6 Sea smoke ............................................................................................ 290
3.6.7 Fog, mist, haze, dew and rime................................................................. 291
3.6.7.1 Fog and mist ......................................................................................... 291
3.6.7.2 Haze ...................................................................................................... 291
3.6.7.3 Dew and rime ....................................................................................... 291
3.6.8 Visibility – concepts and terminology ..................................................... 292
3.6.8.1 Cloud height / cloud base .................................................................... 292
3.6.8.2 Vertical visibility (VER VIS) ................................................................... 293
3.6.8.3 Meteorological visibility ....................................................................... 293
3.6.8.4 Visibility measurement ........................................................................ 294
3.6.8.5 Visibility at takeoff and landing ............................................................ 295
3.6.8.6 Runway visual range (RVR)................................................................... 295
3.6.8.7 Causes of reduced visibility .................................................................. 295
3.6.8.8 Dangers og flying in poor visibility ....................................................... 296
3.7 Air masses .................................................................................................. 297
3.7.1 Types of air masses .................................................................................. 298
3.7.1.1 Characteristics of air masses ................................................................ 298
3.7.2 Changes in an air mass ............................................................................ 299
3.7.2.1 Summer weather ................................................................................. 299
3.7.2.2 Winter weather .................................................................................... 301
3.8 Fronts ......................................................................................................... 304
3.8.1 Warm fronts and cold fronts .................................................................... 305
3.8.1.1 Warm front........................................................................................... 305
3.8.1.2 Cold front ............................................................................................. 305
3.8.2 Front symbols ........................................................................................... 305
3.8.3 Warm sector ............................................................................................. 306
3.8.4 Front clouds .............................................................................................. 306
3.8.5 Formation of low pressure ....................................................................... 309
Flight Theory PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© 2025 210
