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Communication


































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                 4.13.2     Waveforms and modulation


                 The shapes and properties of waves are called waveforms.


                 Modulation is the process of changing a signal to transmit information.

                 In communication systems, modulation is used to combine a low-frequency

                 signal (such as sound) with a high-frequency carrier signal so that it can be

                 transmitted efficiently over long distances.





                 4.13.2.1     N0N

                 The NON signal is just a carrier wave. It can be heard

                 as a hiss if you listen to the frequency.




                 4.13.2.2     A1A


                 It wasn't long before people figured out how to code using radio signals.

                 Initially, this was done by interrupting the transmission with intervals of size,

                 like a dot or a dash in the Morse code system.




           Flight Theory PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL             Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© 2025           431
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