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Situation in Oromia,” Convened by the Oromo Studies Association, March 13–15,
1992,Washington, D.C.
218. For example, see Qunnamtii Oromia, Summer/Fall 1992, pp. 2–3.
219. Interview with Abdiisa Baay’isaa;he was imprisoned in the Didhesa Camp for one year;
Interview with Bakalcha Hussein, who was imprisoned at the Bilate Camp for nine
months, Summer 1993, Nairobi, Kenya.
220. For example, see Sue Pollock,“Ethiopia-Human Tragedy in the Making: Democracy or
Dictatorship?”; Sue Pollock, “Politics and Conflict: Participation and Self-Determina-
tion,” in Ethiopia: Conquest and the Quest for Freedom and Democracy, ed. Seyoum Y.
Hameso, T. Trueman, and T.E. Erena (London: TSC Publications, 1997), pp. 81–110;
Trevor Trueman, “Democracy or Dictatorship,” in Ethiopia: Conquest and the Quest for
Freedom and Democracy, pp. 141–150.
221. For details, see A. Jalata,“U.S.-Sponsored Ethiopian ‘Democracy’ and State Terrorism.”
222. Impact International, “Cleansing ‘Islamic fundamentalism’ from the Horn,” March 1997,
p. 1.
223. Ibid.; Africa Confidential, vol. 38, no. 21. (October 1997).
224. Africa Confidential.
225. “Ethiopia: Federal Sham,” The Economist, August, 16, 1997, p. 51.
226. Theodore M. Vestal, “Deficits of Democracy in the Transitional Government of
Ethiopia Since 1991,” 1994, p. 7.
227. John Sorenson,“Learning to be Oromo,” p. 441. Notes • 179
228. John Young,“The Tigray and Eritrean Peoples Liberation Fronts:A History of Tensions
and Pragmatism,” The Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 34, no. 1 (1996), pp.
105–120; John Young,“Development and Change in Post-Revolutionary Tigray,” The
Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 35, no. 1 (1997), pp. 81–99.
229. Sandra Fullerton Joireman,“Opposition Politics and Ethnicity in Ethiopia:We Will Go
Down Together,” The Journal of Modern African Studies, vol. 35, no. 3 (1997), p. 388.
230. Ibid., pp. 394–395.
231. Annamarie Oliverio,“The State of Injustice:The Politics of Terrorism and the Produc-
tion of Order,”International Journal of Comparative Sociology, vol.38,nos.1–2 (June 1997),
pp. 48–63.
232. Annamarie Oliverio, The State of Terror (New York: SUNY Press, 1997).
233. A. Oliverio,“The State of Injustice,” p. 52.
234. Oromia Support Group, “Urgent Action—November 1997,” p. 1.
235. Oromia Support Group, “Urgent Action—November 1997,” pp. 1–2.
236. See Sue Pollock; Trevor Trueman,op. cit.; Amnesty International; Human Rights
Watch/Africa, 1997; Survival International, “Ethiopia: Human rights hypocrisy must
end now,” press release, July 14, 1995; Bruna Fossati, Lydia Namarra, and Peter Niggli,
The New Rulers of Ethiopia and the Persecution of the Oromo (Frankfurt, 1996).
237. U.S. Department of State on Human Rights, 1997, p. 1.
238. Bruna Fossati, Lydia Namarra, and Peter Niggli, op. cit.
239. Umar Fatanssa, quoted in The New Rulers of Ethiopia, p. 43.
240. Oromia Support Group, “Press Release -May/June 1997,” p. 18.
241. U.S. Department of State on Human Rights, 1997, p. 4.
242. “Ethiopia: Federal Sham,” p. 4.
Chapter IV
1. This chapter was presented at the Forty-first Annual Meeting of the African Studies
Association, October 29–November 1, 1998, Chicago, Illinois. I would like to thank
Bonnie K. Holcomb, Chip Hastings, Wanda Rushing, Bill Robinson, and Lemmu