Page 267 - Zoo Animal Learning and Training
P. 267
Index 275
intravenous fluids, postoperative 245–246 Limited Contact Dynamic Compression Plate (LC‐DCP®)
intraventricular hemorrhage 34, 39 16, 17
iodinated contrast agents 71 liver function tests 23, 62
iris scissors 9, 10 locking compression plate (LCP)
iris spatula 7, 7, 8 cervical distraction and stabilization 175, 175
cervical fracture/luxation repair 212, 213
Kern bone‐holding forceps 9, 10 locking plates 16–18, 17–18
Kerrison rongeurs 7, 8 fixed angle 16, 17, 17
ketamine 246, 246 variable angle 16, 17, 17, 18
ketonuria 63 see also plate fixation
Kirschner wires (K‐wires) 11 locking screws 16, 16, 18
stapling of spinal injuries 216 longissimus capitis muscle 165, 165–166, 166
thoracolumbar fracture reduction 213 longissimus cervicis muscle 165, 165
Kishigami device 144 longissimus (thoracis and lumborum) muscle 185, 186, 194
knuckling over 265, 265 longus colli muscles 158
kyphosis 265, 265 loupes, surgical 3, 3
lumbar puncture (tap) 85–91
lacunar infarcts 41, 42 anatomy 85–86
laminectomy complications 89–90
dorsal see dorsal laminectomy contraindications 88–89
lateral cervical approach 165 dry 89–90
modified dorsal–lateral cervical approach 166 indications 85, 90–91
prophylactic disc fenestration 192 myelography 71–72, 72, 85, 88
laminectomy spreaders 9, 10 patient positioning 86–87, 87
laminotomy, C2 155–156, 155–156 preparation and equipment 86, 86
Langenbeck retractors 4, 5 technique 87, 88, 88, 89
laser therapy 254, 258 lumbosacral decompression and foraminotomy 223–230
lateral cervical approach (C3–T1) 155, 163–167 distraction and stabilization/fusion 229, 230
clinical evaluation 163 dorsal laminectomy 226–228, 227–228
diagnosis 163 foraminotomy and facetectomy 228–229
indications 163–164, 164 indications 225
lateral approach 165 postoperative care 229
modified lateral approach 165, 165–166 postoperative outcomes 229–230, 231
postoperative care 166–167 surgical anatomy 226, 227
surgical anatomy 164–165, 165 lumbosacral injuries 217–219
see also dorsal–lateral approach to lateral cervical spine, decompression techniques 209–211
modified fixation methods 219, 219, 220
lateral (rostrotentorial) craniotomy/craniectomy 109–114 reduction 219
indications 109, 109, 110 lumbosacral joint 223, 223
preparation and positioning 109, 111 distraction and stabilization/fusion 229
quadrigeminal diverticula 136 surgical anatomy 226, 227
surgical technique 109–114, 112–114 transarticular fixation of fractures 219
lateral flexion of spine exercise 260, 261 lymphocytes, CSF 90, 90
lateral lumbosacral approach 229 lymphocytosis 61
lateral thoracolumbar approaches lymphoma
corpectomy see thoracolumbar lateral corpectomy nasopharyngeal 30
disc fenestration 193–194, 193–194 spinal 239, 240, 241
pediculectomy/mini‐hemilaminectomy 184, 185 lymphopenia 61
lateral ventricles, fenestration and marsupialization 136, 137
leukocytes 61 macrocytosis 61
circulating 61, 61 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
CSF 90, 90 atlantoaxial subluxation 142, 143
leukocytosis 61, 61 brain 29, 33–35, 36–44
leukopenia 61, 61 cervical stenotic myelopathy 80–81
levator costae muscles 193 contrast enhancement 33, 37
levetiracetam 25–26 degenerative lumbosacral stenosis 225, 226
Lhermitte’s syndrome 242 extradural spinal lesions 81
lidocaine 246 ‐guided brain biopsy 48–50, 49
ligamentum flavum (interarcuate ligament) 86 hydrocephalus 43, 45, 129–130, 130
cervical dorsal laminectomy 153–154, 154 intervertebral disc disease 66, 76, 76, 78, 80
lumbosacral dorsal laminectomy 227 intramedullary spinal cord lesions 81, 81–82
