Page 162 - BSAVA Guide to Pain Management in Small Animal Practice

7 | Cancer pain

VetBooks.ir Musculoskeletal (commonly associated with pain)

• Primary bone and oint tumours e.g. osteosarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma, synovial cell sarcoma
• igital tumours e.g. melanoma, s uamous cell carcinoma
• Soft tissue tumours sarcomas depending on site and extent of in ltrative growth
• Round cell tumours with bone involvement multiple myeloma, lymphoma
Head and neck
• ral tumours tumours invading bone and soft tissues often traumati ed during eating, e.g. malignant
melanoma, s uamous cell carcinoma, brosarcoma, epulides, epitheliotophic lymphoma mucosal lesions
• Nasal tumours tumours invading bone, soft tissues and neural tissues, e.g. adenocarcinoma, lymphoma
• Calvarial tumours
• Ear canal tumours
• cular tumours causing uveitis, e.g. primary or secondary intraocular lymphoma, melanoma, metastatic disease
Skin and subcutaneous tissues and mucosal surfaces
• Cutaneous metastases e.g. carcinomas, sarcomas, melanomas
• umour associated e usions with in ammation e.g. mesothelioma, carcinomatosis
• In ltrative and ulcerated tumours e.g. soft tissue sarcomas, s uamous cell carcinoma, round cell tumours such
as epitheliotrophic lymphoma
Body cavities
• umours associated with in ammation e.g. mast cell tumours histamine release
• umour associated visceral bleeding e.g. haemangiosarcoma, metastatic tumours
Viscera (associated with capsular stretching or hollow organ obstruction)
• epatobiliary and splenic tumours
• astrointestinal tumours e.g. lymphoma, adenocarcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumours
• Urinary tract tumours e.g. renal carcinoma, lymphoma, prostatic carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma of the
bladder or multiple sites in the upper and lower urinary tract
Mammary gland
• ammary tumours e.g. in ammatory mammary carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma, osteosarcoma
Nervous tissue
• Central nervous system e.g. meningioma, glioma experience of type and intensity of pain is typically
unknown in veterinary species
• Peripheral nervous system e.g. brachial plexus tumours
• Spinal cord compressive lesions e.g. vertebral body tumours, vertebral body fracture due to tumour in ltration
e.g. myeloma
• etastatic disease
umours in companion animals potentially associated with pain. his list is not intended to be
exhaustive but provides some common examples.

Assessment of cancer- bleeding from a splenic haemangiosarcoma
associated pain igure 7. or in ammation due to
degranulation and histamine release from a
Cancer associated pain can be described mast cell tumour. Acute pain is often
based on its duration, type and locali ation. in ammatory in nature.
Chronic pain is pathological and non
Duration protective. It persists beyond initial tissue
Acute pain occurs in response to tissue damage damage and for a prolonged period of time,
and is self limiting. Examples include surgical generally more than months International
pain after tumour removal, acute subcapsular Association for the Study of Pain, . Chronic

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