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1208 Congenital Heart Disease: Breed Predilections Corneal Ulcer

Congenital Heart Disease: Breed Constipation
VetBooks.ir Predilections Differential Diagnosis of Constipation in the Cat

Breed Condition Neuromuscular Dysfunction
Colonic smooth muscle: idiopathic megacolon, aging
Basset hound Pulmonic stenosis (PS) Spinal cord disease: lumbosacral disease, cauda equina syndrome, sacral
Beagle PS spinal cord deformity (Manx cat)
Hypogastric or pelvic nerve disorders: traumatic injury, malignant disease,
Bichon frisé Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
dysautonomia
Boxer Subaortic stenosis (SAS), PS, atrial septal Submucosal or myenteric plexus neuropathy: dysautonomia, aging
defect (ASD) Mechanical Obstruction
Boykin spaniel PS Intraluminal: foreign material (bones, plant material, fur), neoplasia, rectal
diverticulum, perineal hernia, anorectal stricture
Bull terrier Mitral dysplasia (MVD), SAS
Intramural: neoplasia
Chihuahua PS, PDA Extraluminal: pelvic fracture, neoplasia
Chow chow PS, cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) Inflammation
Cocker spaniel PDA, PS Perianal fistula, proctitis, anal sac abscess, anorectal foreign body, perianal
bite wound
Collie PDA Metabolic and Endocrine
Doberman pinscher ASD Metabolic: dehydration, hypokalemia, hypercalcemia
English bulldog PS, ventricular septal defect (VSD), tetralogy Endocrine: hypothyroidism, obesity, nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism
of Fallot (ToF) Pharmacologic
English springer spaniel PDA, VSD Opioid agonists, cholinergic antagonists, diuretics, beta-agonists,
phenothiazines
German shepherd SAS, PDA, tricuspid valve dysplasia (TVD), Environmental and Behavioral
mitral valve dysplasia (MVD)
Soiled litter box, inactivity, hospitalization, change in environment
German shorthaired pointer SAS
Adapted from Washabau RJ, Day MJ: Canine and feline gastroenterology, St. Louis, 2013, Elsevier
Golden retriever SAS, TVD, MVD Saunders.
Great Dane SAS, MVD, TVD
Keeshond PDA, ToF
Labrador retriever TVD, PDA, PS
Maltese PDA
Mastiff PS, MVD Corneal Ulcer
Miniature schnauzer PS
Newfoundland SAS, MVD, PS Underlying Causes of Corneal Ulceration in Dogs
Pomeranian PDA and Cats
Poodle PDA
Cranial nerve V and/or VII deficits
Rottweiler SAS Distichiasis
Samoyed PS, SAS, ASD Ectopic cilia
Entropion
Shetland sheepdog PDA Exophthalmos
Terrier breeds PS Foreign body
Herpes virus, feline
Weimaraner TVD, peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS)
Welsh corgi PDA Lagophthalmos
Ocular trauma
West Highland white terrier PS, VSD
Other lid defects
Yorkshire terrier PDA Qualitative tear film deficiencies (mucin and/or lipid)
Severe debilitation
Reproduced from Beijerink NJ, Oyama MA, Bonagura JD. Congenital heart disease. In Ettinger SJ,
Feldman EC, Côte E, eds. Textbook of veterinary internal medicine, 8th ed, St. Louis, Saunders, Modified from Maggs DJ, Miller PE, Ofri R: Slatter’s Fundamentals of veterinary ophthalmology, ed
2017, p. 1207. 5, St. Louis, 2013.

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