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1252 Megaesophagus Melena

Megaesophagus
VetBooks.ir Associated Diseases and Causes in Dogs

Central Nervous System Neuromuscular Junction Dermatomyositis
Canine distemper Myasthenia gravis Cachexia
Cervical spondylomyelopathy with leukomalacia Botulism Trypanosomiasis
Brainstem lesions Tetanus Hypoadrenocorticism
Neoplasia Anticholinesterase toxicity Hypothyroidism?
Trauma Esophageal Obstruction Genetic
Peripheral Neuropathies Esophageal stricture Miniature schnauzer, golden retriever, German
Polyneuritis Persistent aortic arch shepherd, Great Dane, Newfoundland,
Polyradiculoneuritis Esophageal tumor Shar-pei
Ganglioradiculitis Esophageal granuloma Muscular dystrophy (golden retriever)
Dysautonomia Lower esophageal sphincter achalasia-like Miscellaneous
Giant cell axonal neuropathy syndrome Pyloric stenosis
Spinal muscular atrophy Spirocerca lupi Gastric dilation/volvulus
Intoxication: Hiatal hernia Pituitary dwarfism
Lead Thymoma Thymoma
Thallium Esophageal Musculature Mediastinitis
Acrylamide Esophagitis Idiopathic
Bilateral vagal damage Systemic lupus erythematosus
Tetanus Glycogen storage disease
Botulism Polymyositis
?, Cause-and-effect relationship not established.
Modified from Bonagura J: Kirk’s Current veterinary therapy XIII, St. Louis, 2000, Saunders.

Melena

Causes of Melena
Ingestion of Blood Ischemic/Traumatic Lymphoma
Sinonasal lesions Hypovolemic shock Mast cell tumor
Pulmonary lesions Thrombosis/infarction Gastrinoma
Oral/pharyngeal lesions Intussusception Vascular
Diet Volvulus Vascular ectasia/angiodysplasia
Inflammatory Foreign body Arteriovenous fistula
Esophagitis Racing sled dogs Gastric or esophageal varices (rare)
Gastroenteritis Postsurgical Metabolic
Eosinophilic gastritis Enterotomy Hypoadrenocorticism
Inflammatory bowel disease Gastric invagination postcorrection of gastric Uremic kidney disease
Infectious dilation/volvulus Liver disease, particularly with portal
Bacterial: Campylobacter, Clostridium, Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube hypertension or portosystemic shunt(s)
Mycobacterium, Neorickettsia helminthoeca, placement Pancreatitis
Salmonella Drug-Induced Hypereosinophilic syndrome
Fungal/algal: Cryptococcus, Histoplasma, Corticosteroids Bleeding Disorder
Pythium, Prototheca Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs Thrombocytopenia
Parasitic: Spirocerca, Physaloptera, Ancylostoma, Neoplastic Thrombocytopathia
Uncinaria Adenocarcinoma Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Viral: parvovirus
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Rodenticide intoxication
Leiomyoma/leiomyosarcoma Specific factor deficiencies
Modified from Tefft KM: Melena and hematochezia. In Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC, Côté E, editors: Textbook of veterinary internal medicine: diseases of the dog and cat, ed 8, St. Louis, 2017, Elsevier.

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