Page 2513 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

1254 Myopathies, Feline Congenital Myositis, Infectious

Myopathies, Feline Congenital
VetBooks.ir Characteristics

Affected Breeds
and Geographical Mode of Underlying
Disease Provenance Inheritance Defect Clinical Signs Prognosis
Congenital myotonia DSH (NZ, US) Autosomal recessive Probable defect Stiff gait, hyperactivity of selected Fair to good (nonprogressive
in chloride muscle groups when startled, condition, cats enjoy a normal
channels percussion dimple quality of life)
Devon rex and sphynx Devon rex (AUS, GB), Autosomal recessive COLQ variant Cervical ventroflexion; generalized Poor (many cats die of
myopathy sphynx muscle weakness; abnormal gait; asphyxiation)
megaesophagus
Dystrophin-deficient DSH (US, NL, CH) X-linked recessive Dystrophin Skeletal muscle hypertrophy with Guarded to fair (cats can have
myopathy deficiency possible complications, sensitivity an almost normal quality of life
to stress, stiff gait but may require more frequent
veterinary visits)
Glycogen storage Norwegian forest cats Autosomal recessive GBE deficiency Stillbirth, muscle tremor, muscle Poor (all cats eventually die
disease type IV (US, Europe) atrophy; cardiomyopathy from the condition)
Hypokalemic myopathy Burmese (AUS, NZ, GB, Probably autosomal Unknown Transient, paroxysmal clinical Good response to potassium
NL) recessive signs with generalized muscle supplementation
weakness, cervical ventroflexion
Malignant hyperthermia DSH Unknown Unknown Severe hyperthermia during Poor (two reported cases in
anesthesia (halothane) which cats died)
Merosin-deficient DSH, Siamese (US) Unknown Merosin Hindlimb weakness from 6 Poor (both cats in the two
myopathy (laminin-2) months old, worsening to muscle reported cases were euthanized
deficiency atrophy and contractures at 1 before 2 years of age)
year old
MG DSH Unknown Lack of ACH Generalized muscle weakness Fair, generally good response
receptors to therapy
Nemaline myopathy DSH (US) Possibly autosomal Unknown Progressive weakness (6-18 Poor (five reported cats died or
recessive months); rapid, choppy, were euthanized)
hypermetric gait; tremor, exercise
intolerance
ACH, Acetylcholine; AUS, Australia; CH, Switzerland; DSH, domestic shorthair; GB, Great Britain; GBE, glycogen branching enzyme; MG, myasthenia gravis; NL, Netherlands; NZ, New Zealand; US, United States.
Modified from Gaschen F, Jaggy A, Jones B: Congenital diseases of feline muscle and neuromuscular junction. J Feline Med Surg 6:355-366, 2004.

Myositis, Infectious

Microorganisms Associated With Musculoskeletal Infections
Hepatozoon americanum Leishmania infantum
Hepatozoon canis Cytauxzoon felis
Toxoplasma gondii Sarcocystis
Neospora caninum Toxigenic Streptococcus canis
Borrelia burgdorferi Leptospirosis
Rickettsia rickettsii Feline immunodeficiency virus
Ehrlichia canis Numerous other bacteria (e.g., Staphylococci [dogs], Pasteurella multocida [cats])
Babesia canis

www.ExpertConsult.com