Page 2713 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

1408 Cyanosis

Cyanosis
VetBooks.ir Cyanosis

Central cyanosis Peripheral
cyanosis only

Eupnea or hyperpnea Abnormal respiration Peripheral pulse present?
Yes Yes No

• Congenital heart disease Dyspnea Stridor Decreased arterial Venous obstruction Arterial
• Erythrocytosis • Large airway supply • Tumor thromboembolism
• Methemoglobinemia obstruction • Hypotension • Tourniquet
(“brown” blood) • Heart failure • Venous thrombosis
• Dehydration
• Hypothermia

Abnormal radiographs Normal radiographs

• Lung disease
• Pleural disease Arterial oxygen “Brown” blood:
• Heart disease response to 100% methemoglobinemia
• Airway disease inspired oxygen

No improvement Improved
• Erythrocytosis • Pulmonary thromboembolism
• Congenital heart disease • Hypoventilation (neuromuscular)
• Pulmonary thromboembolism
• Pulmonary shunting

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