Page 1076 - Small Animal Internal Medicine, 6th Edition

1048 PART IX Nervous System and Neuromuscular Disorders

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Aa Ab

B C

D E

FIG 58.12
Postural reaction testing. (Aa) (Ab) Proprioception (knuckling) is evaluated by placing the
dorsal surface of the animal’s paw on the floor while the animal’s weight is supported.
The normal response is an immediate return to a normal position. (B) Forelimb hopping.
The animal is supported under the abdomen, and one thoracic limb is lifted from the
ground. The animal is leaned and moved laterally toward the limb being evaluated. The
normal animal responds by quickly lifting and replacing the limb under its body as it
moves laterally. (C) Pelvic limb hopping. The animal is supported under the chest, and
one pelvic limb is lifted. The animal is leaned and moved laterally toward the limb being
evaluated. The normal animal responds by quickly lifting and replacing its limb under the
body as it moves laterally. (D) Hemiwalking. The front and rear limbs on one side are
lifted, and forward and lateral walking movements are evaluated. (E) Wheelbarrowing.
The animal is supported under the abdomen and moved forward. The head may be elevated
to remove visual input and accentuate proprioceptive abnormalities, as shown here.