Page 2213 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

▪ Valacyclovir

Table 63-1

Antimicrobials and Their Adverse Effects

Classification Adverse Effects
Aminoglycosides Ototoxicity
Confusion, disorientation
Renal toxicity
Gastrointestinal irritation
Palpitations, blood pressure changes
Hypersensitivity reactions
Cephalosporins Gastrointestinal disturbances
Pseudomembranous colitis
Headache, dizziness, lethargy, paresthesias
Nephrotoxicity
Superinfections
Fluoroquinolones Headache, dizziness, insomnia, depression
Gastrointestinal effects
Bone marrow depression
Fever, rash, photosensitivity
Macrolides Gastrointestinal effects
Pseudomembranous colitis
Confusion, abnormal thinking
Superinfections
Hypersensitivity reactions
Lincosamides Gastrointestinal effects
Pseudomembranous colitis
Bone marrow depression
Monobactams Gastrointestinal effects
Hepatotoxicity
Allergic reactions
Penicillins and penicillinase-resistant Gastrointestinal effects, including sore mouth and furry tongue
penicillins
Superinfections
Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis
Sulfonamides Gastrointestinal effects
Hepatotoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Bone marrow depression
Dermatological effects, including hypersensitivity and
photosensitivity
Headache, dizziness, vertigo, ataxia, depression, seizures
Tetracyclines Gastrointestinal effects
Hepatotoxicity
Teeth (staining) and bone damage
Superinfections
Dermatological reactions, including rash and photosensitivity
Hypersensitivity reactions
Antimycobacterials, leprostatics Gastrointestinal effects
Neuritis, dizziness, headache, malaise, drowsiness, hallucinations
Antifungals Gastrointestinal effects
Headache, rash, anemia, hepatotoxicity
Hearing loss, peripheral neuritis

Practice Questions

778. The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Pneumocystis
jiroveci infection has been receiving pentamidine. The client develops a
temperature of 101° F (38.3° C). The nurse continues to assess the client,

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