Page 543 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN
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lead to mistrust of others.
                  Test-Taking Strategy: Eliminate options 2, 3, and 4 because of the closed-ended
               words “all,” “immediately,” and “avoid,” in these options.
                  Level of Cognitive Ability: Applying
                  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
                  Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning
                  Content Area: Developmental Stages: Infant
                  Priority Concepts: Client Education; Development
                  Reference: McKinney et al. (2018), pp. 67, 69.


                   151. Answer: 1


                  Rationale: According to Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, it is
               normal for the infant or toddler not to recognize that objects continue to be in
               existence if out of the visual field; however, this is abnormal for the 6-year-old. If a 6-
               year-old child does not recognize that objects still exist even when outside the visual
               field, the child is not progressing normally through the developmental stages. The
               nurse should report this finding to the pediatrician. Options 2, 3, and 4 delay
               necessary follow-up and treatment.
                  Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the data in the question. Also, note the age of the
               child and think about developmental concepts related to this age. Noting that the
               child is not able to recognize that objects continue to be in existence, even if out of
               the visual field, will direct you to the correct option. Also, note that options 2, 3, and
               4 are comparable or alike and are interventions that will delay follow-up for an
               abnormal observation.
                  Level of Cognitive Ability: Applying
                  Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
                  Integrated Process: Nursing Process—Implementation
                  Content Area: Developmental Stages: Preschool and School Age
                  Health Problem: N/A
                  Priority Concepts: Clinical Judgment; Development
                  Reference: McKinney et al. (2018), pp. 67-69.


                   152. Answer: 1


                  Rationale: In general, toilet training occurs during the anal stage. According to
               Freud, the child gains pleasure from the elimination of feces and from their
               retention. Option 2 relates to the oral stage. Option 3 relates to the latency period.
               Option 4 relates to the phallic stage.
                  Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject, the anal stage. Note the relationship
               between the words anal in the question and toilet training in the correct option.
                  Level of Cognitive Ability: Applying
                  Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
                  Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning
                  Content Area: Development Stages: Toddler
                  Health Problem: N/A
                  Priority Concepts: Development; Health Promotion



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