Page 105 - Quantitative Data Analysis
P. 105

Quantitative Data Analysis
                                              Simply Explained Using SPSS



                                             Variable A: Parents
                                             Education

                                              Without        With
                                             Education     Education
                       Variable B:   Fail    35           75
                       Student
                       Result        Pass    10           80
                                     Total   45           155


                       Steps to conduct Chi-Square Test Manually


               Step 1: Formulate null hypothesis

                         : There is no association between parents’ education and

                       student academic result.

               Step 2: Develop a contingency table and add numbers across
               columns and rows.  Calculate total number in chart.

                                         Variable A: Parents         total
                                         Education

                                          Without         With
                                          Education    Education

                   Variable B:    Fail    35          75             110
                   Student
                   Result         Pass   10           80             90

                                  total   45          155            200





               The Theory and Applications of Statistical Inferences           89
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