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There has been shifted to elsewhere. The US and UK
pulled out of UNESCO complaining third
many achievements world having Marxist influence.
that India can be Mustapha Masmoudi, the Tunisian for-
eign minister and advocate of NWIO
proud of and many said that the west has undue advan-
tage in one way and uneven flow and
technological break- even eminent Americans like Elie Abel
and John Calhoun Merrill said that the
throughs have been US is not guilty of cultural imperialism.
made. Indian This has given room for development
communication and development jour-
women have been nalism and former UN officer Narinder
K. Aggarwala says that development
going to work and journalism is not much different from
western journalism found in commu-
are competing with nity papers. These debates have domi-
nated till 1990 when communism had
men from all walks fallen and Gorbachev had announced
Perestroika and Glasnost meaning -
of life. These have openness and freedom.
not been seen by Indira Gandhi once said, "we know of
small time poets and writers of Europe
western journalists and America but we have not much in-
formation on even big poets and writ-
People have been moving from and they report only negative events ers of Asia and Africa". This shows the
one place to other and world cultural dominance of the US and the
travel has increased to a great extent. and negative happenings generally. West in international communication.
Globalization has benefitted middle
and upper classes and caused The Non Aligned and third world According to Dr Whitney R. Mundt,
great discomfort to poor people. A countries call for free and balanced leading American professor of interna-
term called, glocal has come about and flow of information among nations and tional communication, many used to
it is world equivalent of local places blame west for dominating news flow. say that M'Bow Director General of
etc. The news flow according to third world UNESCO was leading luxurious life and
countries is one way and it is unbal- was spending UNESCO funds lavishly
Free flow of Information anced and is in favor of developed and as a result US and the UK had to
countries they say. There is more com- pull out of UNESCO.
The west led by the US and UK want munication infrastructure in developed
free flow of information and this has countries opposed to developing coun- Digital divide
been happening now. The third tries and this creates a cultural domi-
world countries complain that there nance and one sided flow. Digital media have come in a big way
has been negative flow of information and nearly half of work force in devel-
and the flow has been one sided The west counters this argument by
greatly. West gets its culture portrayed saying that the developing countries
rightly and there has been negative re- have come under Marxist and commu-
porting on third world countries gen- nist influence and as a result they are
erally. accusing the west. Western model of
development, the third world coun-
For example, India has been portrayed tries say will not work in developing
as a nation of snake charmers, fire nations and this model will not help
walkers etc and this negative report- poor.
ing is continuing. India has made
many scientific achievements and has UNESCO
world class scientific and technological
institutions making great strides on These debates have been taking place
modernity. in the UNESCO till 1990s and after the
fall of communism the debates have
Life is what we make it, always has been, always will be.
12 PR COMMUNICATION AGE August 2015
