Page 74 - Zoology

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`kg Aa¨vq - gvbe‡`‡ni cÖwZiÿv (BwgDwbwwU)

BwgDwbwU (Immunity) t gvbylmn mKj cÖvYxi †`‡n Ggb wKQz •ewkó¨ ev ÿgZv _v‡K hv †`‡n cÖ‡ekK…Z †ivM m„wóKvix

AYyRxe‡K aŸsm K‡i ev wbw®Œq K‡i †`n‡K my¯’ ivLvi Rb¨ m‡Pó _v‡K, G ai‡bi •ewkó¨ ev ÿgZv‡K BwgDwbwU e‡j| j¨vwUb kã
Immunis ‡_‡K Bs‡iwR Immunity k‡ãi D™¢e hvi AvwfavwbK A_© †ivM e¨vwa †_‡K wbivcËv, cÖwZiÿv, Abvµg¨Zv BZ¨vw`|

BwgDwbwU m¤úwK©Z we`¨v‡K Immunology e‡j| gvbe‡`‡ni wKQz †Kvl (†hgb- T- wj‡çvmvBU, B- wj‡çvmvBU, g‡bvmvBU,
eûwbDwK¬qvmhy³ wbD‡Uªvwdj, BIwm‡bvwdj, †e‡mvwdj BZ¨vw`) wewfbœfv‡e †ivM cÖwZiÿv e¨e¯’vq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i|

gvbe‡`‡ni cÖwZiÿv ¯Íi t gvbe‡`‡ni cÖwZiÿv ¯Íi wZbwU- cÖ_g cÖwZiÿv ¯Íi, wØZxq cÖwZiÿv ¯Íi I Z…Zxq cÖwZiÿv ¯Íi|

cÖ_g cÖwZiÿv ¯Íi t cÖ_g cÖwZiÿv ¯ÍiwU †fŠZ I ivmvqwbK Dfq ai‡bi cÖwZeÜKZv wb‡q MwVZ| ‡fŠZ cÖwZeÜKZv- Z¡K, bvK,
Mjv I cwicvKZš¿| ivmvqwbK cÖwZeÜKZv- †PvL (AkÖæi jvB‡mvRvBg), Kvb (Kv‡bi †gvg), cvK¯’wj (HCL), e„n`vš¿, g~Îbvwj I
†hvwb (AÿwZKi e¨vK‡Uwiqv), Nvg BZ¨vw`|

cÖwZiÿvq Z¡‡Ki f‚wgKv t Z¡‡Ki GwcWvwg©‡mi Dc‡ii ¯ÍiwU g„Z I Pvcv †Kv‡l MwVZ| Gi ¯Í‡ii bvg ÷ªvUvg Kiwbqvg|
GwU RxevYy‡ivax ¯Íi Ges e¨vK‡UwiqvI fvBiv‡mi cÖ‡e‡k †fŠZ cÖwZeÜK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| KZK¸‡jv fvBivm Qvov Ggb †Kv‡bv
†ivM m„wóKvix RxevYy †bB hv AÿZ Z¡‡Ki †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i| Z¡‡Ki †¯^` MÖwš’ I Nvg MÖwš’ †_‡K †h †Zj ev Nvg ÿwiZ nq

Zv Z¡K‡K GwmwWK K‡i †Zv‡j| Ggb cwi‡e‡k RxevYy evuP‡Z ev eske„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| †¯^` I Nvg MÖwš’i g‡a¨I RxevYybvkK
(A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK) c`v_© _v‡K| Gme c`v_© _vKvq Z¡K AvZ¥-‡ivMRxevYybvkK A½ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
Z¡‡Ki GwcWvwg©m AskwU †KivwU‡bvmvBU †Kvl Øviv MwVZ| †KivwU‡bvmvBU ‡Kvl wb:m„Z †Kw_‡jwmwWb I wW‡dbwmb RvZxq
RxevYybvkK †ccUvBW MÖvg †b‡MwUf e¨vK‡Uwiqvi weiæ‡× LyeB Kvh©Ki|

Z¡K †K‡U †M‡j KvUv ¯’vb w`‡q wbM©Z i³ RgvU †e‡a ïay i³ÿiY eÜ K‡i bv, evB‡i †_‡K AYyRxe cÖ‡e‡kI evav †`q|
`ªæZ I Avc`Kvjxb e¨e¯’v wn‡m‡e G cÖvK…wZK& wPwKrmv mwZ¨B Avðh©RbK|
Kv‡bi †fZ‡i †miæwgbvm MÖwš’ †_‡K ÿwiZ †miæ‡gb ev Kv‡bi ‡gvg Kv‡bi Mfx‡i ayjv-evwj, e¨vK‡Uwiqv I †QvU †cvKvi
cÖ‡ek †iva K‡i|

Lv`¨`ª‡e¨i e¨vK‡Uwiqv aŸs‡m cwicvK bvwji GwmW I GbRvB‡gi f‚wgKv t

 jvjvMÖwš’‡Z jvB‡mvRvBg bv‡g GKai‡bi GbRvBg _v‡K| GwU gyL I Mjvq msµgYKvix Staphylococcus,
Streptococcus, Bacillus cÖf…wZ e¨vK‡Uwiqvmn A‡bK RxevYy aŸsm K‡i|
H
 cvK¯’wj wbM©Z M¨vw÷ªK Ry‡m wecyj cwigv‡Y HCl _v‡K, hv cvK¯’wji Af¨šÍ‡i kw³kvjx GwmwWK gva¨g (P 1.0- 2.0)
m„wó K‡i| GwmwWK gva¨g Lv‡`¨ Aew¯’Z e¨vK‡Uwiqv I fvBivm‡K aŸsm K‡i|
 A‡š¿ emevmKvix K‡qK ai‡bi wg‡_vRxex AYyRxe †_‡K ÿwiZ A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK ÿwZKi e¨vK‡Uwiqv aŸsm K‡i|

 hK…Z †_‡K ÿwiZ wcË im A‡š¿i wWI‡Wbv‡g Aew¯’Z KvBg G A¨vw›UewW Drc‡bœi gva¨‡g e¨vK‡Uwiqvi e„w× iwnZ K‡i|
 mgMÖ †cŠwóKbvwji AšÍtcÖvPxi wgDKv‡m Ave„Z _v‡K| wgDKv‡m Aew¯’Z GK ai‡bi ivmvqwbK i‡q‡Q hv e¨vK‡Uwiqv‡K
wN‡i a‡i Ges cÖvPxiMv‡Î AvU‡K _vK‡Z evav †`q|

wØZxq cÖwZiÿv ¯Íi t GwU cÖavYZ ‡k¦Z i³KwYKvi d¨v‡MvmvBwUK †Kv‡li Kg©KvÛ wb‡q MwVZ| †hgb- d¨v‡MvmvBU (wbD‡Uªvwdj,
g¨v‡µv‡dR) Ges wj‡çvmvBU|
e¨vK‡Uwiqv aŸs‡m g¨v‡µv‡dR t `ywU MÖxK kã Makros A_© e„nr Ges Phagein A_© LvIqv †_‡K Bs‡iwR Macrophase
k‡ãi D™¢e hvi AvwfavwbK A_© ivÿy‡m †Kvl| Aw¯’g¾vi †÷g‡Kvl †_‡K m„ó GK‡Kw›`ªKv wewkó g‡bvmvBU bvgK †k¦Z i³KwYKv

i‡³ cwiågYkxj Ae¯’vq Zv‡`i AvKvi cwieZ©b K‡i g¨v‡µv‡d‡R cwiYZ nq| wb‡¤œv³ cÖwµqvq g¨v‡µv‡dR RxevYy aŸsm K‡i-
 cÖ_‡g g¨v‡µv‡dR †K‡gvU¨vw·m cÖwµqvq ax‡i ax‡i AvµvšÍ ¯’v‡b G‡m nvwRi nq|

 AZ:ci e¨vK‡Uwiqv I g¨v‡µv‡dR wbKUeZx© n‡q cvkvcvwk Ae¯’vb K‡i| G‡K msjMœxKiY e‡j|
 Gici d¨v‡MvmvB‡Uvwmm cÖwµqvq g¨v‡µv‡dR e¨vK‡Uwiqv ev Ab¨vY¨ ‡ivMRxevYy‡K †`nvf¨šÍ‡i †U‡b †bq ev MÖvm K‡i|
‡`nvf¨šÍ‡i cÖ‡e‡ki ci RxevYyi GB `kv‡K d¨v‡Mv‡mvg e‡j|

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