Page 91 - Zoology
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              372†mwg, Avi 5-7 †mwg Mfxi nq| evmv wbg©vY m¤úbœ n‡j cyiæl e¨vOi Wv‡K ¯¿x e¨vO mvov w`‡jI evmv Ny‡i wd‡I †`‡L
              cQ›` n‡j Z‡eB wWg Qv‡o| wWg dz‡U jvf©v GgbwK ZiæY e¨v‡O cwiYZ bv nIqv ch©šÍ cyiæl e¨vO evmv cvnvov †`q|
             •      cvwLi AcZ¨ hZœ t KeyZi mvaviYZ 4-5 gvm eq‡m †hŠb cwic°Zv jvf K‡i| G eq‡m ¯¿x KeyZi `ywU wWg †`q| evmvi
              †fZi ¯¿x I cyiæl DfqB cvjvµ‡g wWg¸‡jv‡K iÿYv‡eÿY K‡i Ges wW‡g Zv †`q| GKvav‡I 18 w`b Zv †`qvi ci wWg
              †_‡K ev”Pv cÖùzwUZ nq| G mgq G‡`i wcZv-gvZv cvjvµ‡g G‡`i cv‡qi mvg‡b †i‡L Wvbv  w`‡q wN‡i iv‡L| cÖ_g w`‡K
              evev-gv mwilv, Mg, Pvj BZ¨vw` msMÖn K‡i Zv‡`i wPwe‡q wcw”Qj I bgbxq K‡i| G mgq ev”Pv DÏxwcZ n‡jB Nvo DuPz K‡i
              Av‡e`b Rvbvq I †VuvU duvKv K‡i| gv-evev ZLb Hiæc Lv`¨ ev”Pvi gy‡L DM‡i †`q| Giæc Lv`¨ wcÛ‡K KeyZ‡ii `ya e‡j|
              gv-eveviv wb:¯^v_©fv‡e ev”Pv‡K jvjb cvjb K‡i _v‡K| GwU mnRvZ ev esk ci¯úivq AwR©Z nq|

     wkLb t  ‡Kvb cÖvYxi Rxe‡b †Kv‡bv GKwU GKK evwn¨K NUbv ev cÖvK…wZK NUbv ‡_‡K cÖvß AwfÁZvi d‡j ¯œvqyZ‡š¿i Kvh©KvwiZvmn
     AvPiYMZ cwieZ©b‡K wkLb e‡j| wkLb cÖvYxi wbR Rxe‡bB mxgve× _v‡K| GwU eskvbymiY‡hvM¨ bq| wkL‡bi ˆewk󨸇jv n‡jv-
          ‡Kv‡bv D‡Ïk¨ jv‡fi Rb¨ AvPiY‡K Dchy&³fv‡e cwiewZ©Z K‡i Zvi ¯’vqxKiY‡K wkLY e‡j|
          wkLb g~jZ DÏxcK I cÖwZwµqvi g‡a¨ bZzb m¤^Ü ¯’vcb K‡i|
          wkL‡bi gva¨‡g bZzb bZzb †KŠkj AvqZ¡ Kiv hvq Ges cyivZb †KŠk‡ji DbœqbI NUv‡bv hvq|
         •  Af¨vmMZ (Habituation) t Af¨¯’Zv mijZg cÖK…wZi wkLb| G ai‡bi AvPiYMZ mvov`v‡b cyi®‹vi ev wZi®‹vi (kvw¯Íi) m‡½
             m¤úwK©Z bq Ggb GKwU DÏxcbvi Nb Nb cybive„wËi d‡j AvPibMZ mvov`v‡b µgk fvUv c‡o hvq, GK mgq cÖvYx IB
             DÏxcbvq  Avi  †Kv‡bv  mvovB  cÖ`vb  K‡i  bv|  †hgb  ,  GKwU  †cvlv  KzKz‡ii  Dcw¯’wZ‡Z  kã  Ki‡j  KzKziwU  gv_v  DuPz  K‡i
             mvov†`q| hw` Nb Nb kã m„wó Kiv nq ZLb Avi †Zgb mvov cvIqv hvq bv| mvov `xN©‡gqv`x n‡Z cv‡i, GgbwK m¤ú~Y© Af¨¯Í
             n‡j cÖvYxwU IB DÏxcbvq Avi KLbIB mvov†`‡e bv| †ij‡÷k‡bi cv‡k Aew¯’Z evmv evox‡Z †Uª‡bi k‡ã ivZ hvc‡bi K_v
             A‡b‡K wPšÍvB Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv, wKš‘ wKQzw`b evm Ki‡j †Uª‡bi kã ev ûB‡mj †KvbUvB Avi Ny‡gi e¨vNv‡Zi KviY n‡e bv|
         •  AbyKiY t AbyKiY Ab¨Zg wkLb AvPiY| GwU n‡”Q cÖvYxi cwiùzUbKv‡j ZiæY cÖvYx‡Z AZ¨šÍ ms‡e`bkxj av‡c GKwU wbw`©ó
             DÏxcbvi cÖwZ m„ó ¯’vqx AvPiY| Konrad Lorenz (1935) me©cÖ_g AbyKiYwcÖq AvPiY cÖZ¨ÿ K‡ib Ges Imprinting

             bv‡g AwfwnZ K‡ib| A‡bK ai‡bi cÖvYxmn wZwb Zvi Lvgv‡i evm Ki‡Zb| wZwb Zvi Lvgv‡I Gray lag goose Gi AmsL¨
             wWg ¸‡”Q ¸‡”Q _vK‡Z †`‡L †mLvb †_‡K †m¸‡jv msMÖn K‡i Zv‡`i BbKz‡eU‡i ‡i‡L ev”Pv dzUvb Ges cÖ_g w`‡K wb‡RB
             Zv‡`i cwiPh©v ïiæ K‡ib| cÖùzwUZ ev”Pv¸‡jv Lorenz †K Ggbfv‡e AbymiY Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i†h, wZwb †h w`‡K Pjv‡div
             K‡ib ev”Pv¸‡jvI Zvi wcQz wcQz †h‡Z _v‡K|  cieZx©‡Z wZwb Hiæ‡c †`Lv AviI A‡bK wW‡gi A‡a©K Zv‡`i gvZvi Øviv Zv
             w`‡q ev”Pv ‡dvUvb I A‡a©K BbKz‡eU‡i †i‡L ev”Pv †dvUvb I cwiPh©v K‡ib| `yÕDcv‡q †dvUv‡bv ev”Pv¸‡jv‡K `k w`b ci
             GK‡Î GKwU ev‡· †i‡L Zvici ev· Ly‡j w`‡j †`L‡Z cvb †h, A‡a©K ev”Pv Zv‡`i gv‡qi w`‡K P‡j hv‡”Q Ge© A‡a©K ev”Pv
             Zvi  w`‡KB  P‡j  Avm‡Q|  wZwb  Giæc  †KŠkj‡K  Praegung  bv‡g  AwfwnZ  K‡i|  GwU  GKwU  Rvg©vwb  kã  Ges  Gi  A_©
             Sramping| wba©vwiZ †c‡i‡›Ui w`‡KB ev”Pv¸‡jvi Mg‡bi AvPi‡Yi wfwË K‡iB Giæc bvgKiY Kiv nq| Lorenz Gi g‡Z
             BgwcÖw›Us wkL‡bi A™¢~Z GKwU aib| KviY-

               GwU Rxe‡bi cÖviw¤¢K ch©v‡qi GKwU mswÿß ms‡e`bkxj mg‡q (K‡qK w`b†_‡K K‡qK gvm ev eQi) N‡U _v‡K|
               GwUi cÖfv‡e cÖvYxi Rxe‡bi evwK Ask w¯’wZkxjZv jv‡f mÿg nq|
               GwU c¨v‡i›U wbe©vP‡b Ges cieZx©‡Z wgjb mw½ wbe©vP‡bI we‡kl cÖfve m„wó K‡i _v‡K|

     Pavlov Gi ZË¡ t / KzKz‡ii jvjvi cÖwZeZx© wµqv e¨vL¨vq c¨vfj‡fi ZË¡ t ivwkqvi weÁvbx AvBfvb c¨vfjf Lv‡`¨i m‡½ jvjv

     wb:mi‡bi m¤ú‡K©i wfwËi Dci cixÿv Øviv †h ZË¡ Avwe®‹vi K‡ib, Zv‡K c¨vfj‡fi ZË¡ e‡j|
             c¨vfjf GKwU KzKzi‡K cÖwZw`b wbw`©ó mg‡q Lvevi w`‡Zb| GB mg‡q KzKz‡ii jvjv wb:miY n‡Zv| c‡i wZwb KzKzi‡K Lvevi
     †`qvi mgq N›Uv evRv‡bv cÖ_v Pvjy K‡ib| G‡Z N›Uvi aŸwb ïb‡jB KzKziwUi jvjv wb:m„Z n‡Zv| K‡qKw`b G ai‡bi Abykxj‡bi ci wZwb
     wbw`©ó mgq Lvevi †`qvi cwie‡Z© †Kej N›Uv evRvb| G‡ZI †`Lv †Mj †h, KzKziwUi jvjv wb:miY n‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i‡Q| GLv‡b N›Uvi
     aŸwbwU Lvev‡ii m‡½ cÖwZeZ©x nIqvq Lvevi bv †`‡LI ev †c‡qI †KejgvÎ N›Uvi aŸwb ïb‡jB KzKz‡ii cÖwZeZx© wµqv N‡U‡Q Ges ZviB
     d‡j jvjv ÿwiZ n‡q‡Q| GwU kZ©vaxb ev mv‡cÿ cÖwZeZ©x wµqvi D`vniY| Giæ‡c N›Uvi aŸwbi ci wKQzw`b Lvevi bv w`‡j cieZ©x‡Z
     N›Uvi aŸwb†kvbvi ciI jvjv ÿwiZ nq bv|

     [cÖwZeZ©x wµqv `yB ai‡bi-
        1)  Ab‡cÿ (Unconditioned) t GB wµqv mnRvZ ev Rb¥MZ Ges  ‡Kv‡bv k‡Z©i Aaxb bq|



     mbRq P›`ª gÛj, mnKvwi Aa¨vcK, Dw™¢`weÁvb wefvM, RqcyinvU miKvwi K‡jR, RqcyinvU| 01713747235
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