Page 89 - Zoology

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U¨vw·‡mi w`KgywLZvi wfwË‡Z AvPiY wb‡¤œv³ 5 cÖKv‡ii-
1. K¬vB‡bvU¨vw·m t wKQz cÖvYx m¤§yL AskwU Gw`K-Iw`K Nywo‡q DÏxcbvi e¨vcKZv hvPvB K‡i| mew`K †_‡K e¨vcKZvi mgZv
G‡j cÖvYx †mvRv Pj‡Z ïiæ K‡i| †eøvd¬vB I evUvid¬vB Gi jvf©vq G ai‡bi U¨vw·m†`Lv hvq|
2. ‡g‡bvU¨vw·m t G ai‡bi U¨vw·‡m cÖvYxi w`KgywLZv _v‡K †KŠwYK ai‡bi|†hgb, my~‡h©i cÖwZ mvov w`‡q wcucovi Pjb|
3. ‡U‡jU¨vw·m t GKwU †gŠgvwQ hLb Lv‡`¨i †Luv‡R PvK †_‡K †ei nq ZLb GKw`‡K m~h©, Ab¨w`‡K dzj G `ywU DÏxcK _v‡K|
G `yB DÏxc‡Ki g‡a¨ dzj Gi DÏxcbv†ewk nIqvq †gŠgvwQ dz‡j wM‡q e‡m, fvimvg¨ eRvq†i‡L AMÖmi nqbv|
4. ‡Uªv‡cvU¨vw·m t GwU n‡”Q `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK ms‡e`MÖvnx A‡½ GKwU DÏxcbv M„nxZ n‡j fvimvg¨ eRvq †i‡L U¨vw·m m¤úbœ
nq| gv‡Qi DKz‡b (fish louse) G ai‡bi Uªvw·m†`Lv hvq|
5. ‡bgv‡UvU¨vw·m t GwU cÖvYxi ¯§„wZg~jK mvov`vb| Gme cÖvYx †Kv_vI †M‡j Pjvi c‡_i Av‡k cv‡ki †Kv‡bv e¯‘‡K wPý wn‡m‡e
iv‡L, †divi mgq IB wPý¸‡jv g‡b K‡i wd‡i Av‡m|
U¨vw·‡mi Awf‡hvRwbK ¸iæZ¡ t U¨vw·‡mi Awf‡hvRwbK ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg|†hgb, cÖRvcwZi w`KgywLZv I Pjb kÎæi nvZ †_‡K
evuPv‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i, wcucov I cvwLi evmvq †divi welqwU U¨vw·‡mi wbq‡g cwiPvwjZ nq, Ges FYvZ¥K d‡UvU¨vw·‡mi d‡j gvwQi
jvf©v AÜKvi†Kv‡Y wcDcvq iæcvšÍwiZ nIqvi my‡hvM cvq| GKK_vq ej‡Z†M‡j, DÏxcbvq h_vmg‡q mwVK mvov w`‡q cÖvYx eske„w×
†_‡K ïiæ K‡i bxo wbg©vb, AcZ¨ hZœ, Avnvi msMÖn, kÎæi nvZ †_‡K wb‡R‡K iÿv K‡i wb‡R‡K wbe©sk nIqvi nvZ †_‡K wU‡K
iv‡L|

• cÖwZeZ© wµqv ev wi‡d¬· t cÖwZeZ©x wµqv GK we‡kl ai‡bi mnRvZ AvPiY| †hme DÏxcbvi cÖwZwµqv gw¯Í®‹ Øviv wbqwš¿Z bv
n‡q †Kej †giæi¾y Øviv wbqwš¿Z n‡q AvKw¯§K ev ¯^Z:ùzZ©fv‡e m„ó nq Zv‡K cÖwZeZ©©x wµqv e‡j| †hgb, wki‡”Q` Kiv e¨v‡Oi
cv‡q GwmW ¯úk© Kiv‡j `ªæZ cv mwi‡q†bqvi NUbv, Av¸‡b nvZ co‡j `ªæZ nvZ mwi‡q†bqvi NUbv BZ¨vw` cÖwZeZ© wµqvi
D`vniY| cÖwZeZ©x wµqv m¤úv`‡bi R‡b¨ †h c‡_ ¯œvqy DÏxcbv cwievwnZ nq Zv‡K cÖwZeZ©x Pµ ev Reflex arc e‡j| cÖwZeZ©x
Pµ wb¤œewb©Z 5wU Ask wb‡q MwVZ-
msMÖvnK t GwU †Kv‡bv Áv‡bw›`ª‡qi cÖvšÍfv‡M Aew¯’Z _v‡K|
ms‡e`x ¯œvqy t msMÖvnK †_‡K DÏxcbv †giæ i¾y‡Z cvVvq|
‡K›`ª ev wmb¨vcm t †giæi¾yi †MÖg¨vUvi As‡k ms‡e`x ¯œvqy I †Póxq ¯œvqyi ga¨eZx© ¯’v‡b wmb¨vcm& Aew¯’Z|
‡Póxq ¯œvqy t Gi gva¨‡g DÏxcbv †giæi¾y †_‡K Kh©KviK A‡½ (†cwk ev MÖwš’) evwnZ nq|
Kvh©KviK t †cwk ev MÖwš’,†hLv‡b cÖwZwµqv cÖKvk cvq|
cÖwZeZ©x wµqvi Kvh©c×wZ t GKwU R¡jšÍ KvwV nVvr nv‡Z jvMv gvÎ K‡qK †m‡K‡Ûi g‡a¨ Avgiv nvZ mwi‡q†bB| KviY R¡jšÍ KvwV‡Z
nvZ jvMv gvÎB †mLvbKvi Z¡‡K Aew¯’Z ms‡e`x ¯œvqyi ‡WªbWªvBU R¡vjv hš¿bvi DÏxcbv MÖnY K‡i| GLv‡b nv‡Zi Z¡K msMÖvnK A‡½i KvR
K‡i| nv‡Zi Z¡K †_‡K DÏcbv ms‡e`x ¯œvqyi gva¨‡g †giæi¾yi †MÖg¨vUvi As‡k Aew¯’Z wmb¨vc‡m&i ga¨ w`‡q Zwor ivmvqwbK kw³iæ‡c
†Póxq ¯œvqy‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges Gi A¨v·b KZ…©K cwievwnZ n‡q nv‡Zi†cwk‡Z †cŠuQvq| d‡j ¯^Z:ù~Z©fv‡e †cwk msKzwPZ nq Ges m¤ú~Y©
A‰bw”QKfv‡e nvZ m‡i hvq|
cÖwZeZ©x wµqvi ˆewkó¨ t
1. cÖwZeZx© wµqv wkÿvjä bq, GwU mnRvZ|
2. cÖwZeZ©x wµqv AwZ`ªæZ m¤úbœ nq|
3. cÖwZeZx© wµqv A‰bw”QK I ¯^Z:ù~Z©|†Kv‡bv jÿ, cwibvg ev Dcv‡qi wPšÍvi Øviv Gi wµqv wbqwš¿Z nqbv|
4. Af¨šÍixb I evn¨ DÏxc‡Ki cÖfv‡e GwU msNwUZ nq|
5. GKwU DÏxc‡Ki cÖfv‡e †h‡nZz GKwU gvÎ cÖwZwµqvq cÖKvk cvq ZvB AwaKvsk cÖwZeZ©x wµqv mij cÖK…wZi|
cÖwZeZ©x wµqvi cÖKvi‡f` t

1. mnRvZ cÖwZeZx© wµqv t G ai‡bi cÖwZeZ©x wµqv†Kv‡bv Af¨vm ev AwfÁZv wbf©i bq| Rb¥jMœ †_‡KB mywbw`©ó| †hgb-†Pv‡L Zxeª
Av‡jv G‡m co‡j †PvL ey‡R hvq|
2. mv‡cÿ ev AwR©Z cÖwZeZ©x wµqv t G ai‡bi cÖwZeZ©x wµqv AwfÁZvjä ev Af¨v‡mi gva¨‡g AwR©Z nq| †hgb- Rš‘ Rv‡bvqvi‡K
†kLv‡bv †Kvb KvR|
• mnRvZ Av‡eM (Instincts) t Rb¥MZ †h kw³i mvnv‡h¨ GKwU cÖRvwZi mKj m`m¨†Kv‡bv wkÿY Qvov Ges D‡Ïk¨ I djvdj
m¤^‡Ü AewnZ bv†_‡K AvZ¥iÿv I cÖRvwZiÿvq esk ci¯úivq GKBfv‡e KvR K‡i _v‡K†mUvB BbmwUs±| UzbUzwb cvwLi evmv
ˆZix Bbw÷s‡±i PgrKvi D`vniY| j‡iÄ (1932) e‡jb†h, cÖ‡Z¨K cÖvwYcÖRvwZi AvPiY KZK¸‡jv ¯’vqx A¨vKkb c¨vUvY©
(Fixed Action Pattern, FAP) wb‡q MwVZ| FAP Gi ˆewkó¨-
1. QuvPm¤§Z t AvPiY me mgq GKB iKg n‡e|
2. ¯^ve©RbxbZv t GKwU cÖRvwZi mKj m`‡m¨ G AvPiY cÖ`wk©Z n‡e|

mbRq P›`ª gÛj, mnKvwi Aa¨vcK, Dw™¢`weÁvb wefvM, RqcyinvU miKvwi K‡jR, RqcyinvU| 01713747235

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