Page 80 - Botany

7. wfUvwgb ˆZwi‡Z t C‡÷i dvi‡gb‡Ukb Øviv w_qvwgb (we-1), wi‡evd¬¨vwfb (we-2) bvgK wfUvwgb Drcv`b Kiv nq|
8. eR©¨ e¨e¯’vcbv t AYyRx‡ei dvi‡gb‡Uk‡bi Øviv kn‡ii eR¨© e¨e¯’vcbv Kiv nq| G cÖwµqvi DcRvZ wn‡m‡e cvIqv hvq g~j¨evb ˆRemvi I
ev‡qvM¨vm|

k¦m‡bi cÖfveK t k¦mb Dw™¢‡`i GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ˆRewbK cÖwµqv| KZ¸‡jv ewnt I AšÍtcÖfveK Øviv Dw™¢‡`i k¦mb cÖwµqv wbqwš¿Z nq-
AšÍtcÖfveK t
1. ‡Kvlxq Ae¯’v t †Kv‡li †cÖv‡UvcøvR‡gi cvwbaviY ¶gZv, mvB‡UvcøvRg I gvB‡UvKwÛªqvq we`¨gvb GbRvB‡gi cwigvY, †Kv‡li eqm, †Kv‡l
we`¨gvb A‰Re jeY cÖf„wZi Dci k¦mb nvi wbf©ikxj|
2. cvwb t †Kvl¯’ cvwb k¦m‡bi nvi‡K we‡klfv‡e cÖfvweZ K‡i| GbRvB‡gi wµqvi mgq †Kv‡l cÖPzi cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb nq|
3. k¦mwbK e¯‘ t GKwU wbw`©ó mxgv ch©šÍ k¦mb nvi k¦mwbK e¯‘i cwigv‡Yi Dci cÖZ¨¶fv‡e mgvbycvwZK|
4. GbRvBg t †Kv‡l we`¨gvb GbRvB‡gi cwigvY I Ae¯’vi Dci k¦mb nvi we‡klfv‡e m¤úwK©Z|
5. A‰Re jeY t K‡qKwU A‰Re jeY †hgb- NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, MgCl2 BZ¨vw`i Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Dw™¢‡`i k¦mb nvi e„w× K‡i|
ewntcÖfveK t
1. evqygÛ‡ji O2t evqygÛ‡j Aw·‡R‡bi cwigv‡Yi Dci k¦m‡bi nvi wbf©i K‡i| evqygÛ‡ji Aw·‡R‡bi GKwU wbw`©ó mxgv ch©šÍ e„w× †c‡j
mevZ k¦m‡bi nvi e„w× cvq|
2. evqygÛ‡ji CO2 Gt evqygÛ‡j AwZwi³ CO2 Gi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Dw™¢‡`i cÎiÜ«¸‡jv eÜ n‡q hvq| G‡Z M¨v‡mi Av`vb cÖ`vb eÜ nIqv‡Z
k¦m‡bi nvi n«vm cvq|
3. ZvcgvÎv t k¦m‡b AskMÖnbKvix wewfbœ GbRvB‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv ZvcgvÎvi Dci wbf©ikxj nIqvq ZvcgvÎvi n«vm e„wׇZ k¦mb nv‡ii n«vm
e„w× N‡U|
4. Av‡jv t k¦m‡bi Dci Av‡jvi cÖfve c‡iv¶| Kg Zxeª Av‡jv A‡c¶v AwaK Zxeª Av‡jv‡Z †÷vgvUv †ewk †Lvjv _v‡K| d‡j, AwaK
Aw·‡Rb cÖ‡ek Kivq k¦m‡bi nvi †ewk nq|
5. cvwb t k¦m‡bi KZ¸‡jv wewµqv‡Z cvwbi cÖ‡qvRb nq| GRb¨ Dw™¢‡` cvwb mieivn k¦mb wµqv‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i|
AwZwi³ cÖkœ t mv‡jvKms‡kø-lY I k¦mb cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL|
mv‡jvKms‡kø-lY I k¦mb cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv Ñ

mv‡jvKms‡kølY k¦mb
G cÖwµqvq Av‡jvKkw³ ivmvqwbK w¯’i kw³‡Z cwiYZ nq| G cÖwµqvq ivmvqwbK w¯’i kw³ MwZ kw³‡Z iƒcvšÍ--wiZ nq|
kw³ mwÂZ nq| kw³ wbM©Z nq|
†Kej †K¬v‡ivwdj wewkó meyR †Kv‡l m¤úbœ nq| me mRxe †Kv‡lB m¤úbœ nq |
m~h©v‡jv‡Ki Dcw¯’wZ‡Z G cÖwµqv P‡j| w`ev ivwÎ PweŸk N›UvB G cÖwµqv P‡j|
cvwb I CO2 cÖavb Dcv`vb | RwUj Lv`¨`ªe¨ , we‡kl K‡i kK©iv cÖavb Dcv`vb|
kK©iv I O2 Drcbœ nq| Drcvw`Z e¯‘ Ñ CO2 , H2O, A¨vj‡Kvnj, j¨vKwUK A¨vwmW|
Dw™¢` CO2 MÖnb K‡i I O2 Z¨vM K‡i| O2 MÖnb K‡i I CO2 Z¨vM K‡i (mevZ k¦m‡b)|
GwU DcwPwZg~jK wewµqv, ZvB Dw™¢‡`i IRb ev‡o| GwU AcwPwZg~jK wewµqv, ZvB Dw™¢‡`i IRb K‡g||
AwZwi³ cÖkœ t mevZ k¦mb I AevZ k¦m‡bi g‡a cv_©K¨ wjL|
mevZ k¦mb I AevZ k¦m‡bi g‡a cv_©K¨ wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv Ñ
mevZ k¦mb AevZ k¦mb
mevZ k¦m‡b Aw·‡R‡bi cª‡qvRb nq mevZ k¦m‡b Aw·‡R‡bi cª‡qvRb nq bv
cvBiywfK A¨vwmW m¤ú~Y©iy‡c RvwiZ n†q CO2 I H2O Drcbœ nq cvBiywfK A¨vwmW Am¤ú~Y©iy‡c RvwiZ nq
wbM©Z CO2 Gi cwigvb †ewk wbM©Z CO2 Gi cwigvb Kg
cvwb Drcbœ nq cvwb Drcbœ nq bv
A¨vj‡Kvnj ev j¨vKwUK A¨vwmW Drcbœ nq bv A¨vj‡Kvnj ev j¨vKwUK A¨vwmW Drcbœ nq
‡Kej D”P †kªYxi Dw™¢‡` N‡U e¨vK‡Uwiqv, QÎvK BZ¨vw` Dw™¢‡` N‡U
wbM©Z kw³i cwigvb †ewk, cÖvq 673 wK‡jvK¨vjwi wbM©Z kw³i cwigvb Kg, cÖvq 20 wK‡jvK¨vjwi
38wU ATP Drcbœ nq gvÎ 2wU ATP Drcbœ nq
ivmvqwbK ms‡KZÑC6H12O6+6H2O+6O2→ 6CO2+12H2O+380 ivmvqwbK ms‡KZÑC6H12O6→ 2C2H5OH +2CO2+20
wK‡jvK¨vjwi kw³| wK‡jvK¨vjwi kw³|

AwZwi³ cÖkœ t AevZ k¦mb I dv‡g©‡›Uk†bi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL|
AevZ k¦mb I dv‡g©‡›Uk†bi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv Ñ
‰ewkó¨ AevZ k¦mb dv‡g©‡›Ukb
msNUb GwU RxexZ †Kv‡li g‡a¨ N‡U| GwU RxexZ †Kv‡li evB‡i N‡U|
‡Kv_vq nq D”P †kªYxi Dw™¢‡` nq| ïaygvÎ QÎvK I e¨vK‡Uwiqvi gZ wbgœ †kªYxi Dw™¢‡` nq|
gva¨g ‡Kvb gva¨‡gi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| Zij gva¨‡gi cÖ‡qvRb nq|
Møy‡KvRe¨eüZ ‡`‡ni Af¨šÍixY Møy‡KvRe¨eüZ nq| evwn¨K Møy‡KvRe¨eüZ nq|
GbRvB‡gi Kv‡ev©w·‡jR, wWnvB‡WªvwR‡bR BZ¨vw` RvB‡gR bvgK GbRvB‡gi Kvh©KvwiZvq N‡U|
Kvh©KvwiZv GbRvB‡gi Kvh©KvwiZvq N‡U|
mwÂZ c`v_© ‡Kv‡li †fZ‡i A¨vj‡Kvnj I co2 mwÂZ nq| ‡Kv‡li evB‡i A¨vj‡Kvnj I co2 mwÂZ nq|

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