Page 1247 - Basic _ Clinical Pharmacology ( PDFDrive )

Index 1233

Penicillin-binding protein (PBP), 797, 797f Perphenazine, 513f, 514–515 half-life in, 45f, 46, 46f
Penicillin G, 798 Personalized medicine, 38, 74 models of, 45f
Penicillin V, 800. See also Penicillin(s) Pertuzumab, 972, 992 multicompartment, 45f, 46
Pen injectors, portable insulin, 756 Pesticides, 1010–1013 principles of, 7–10
Pennyroyal, 1133t botanical, 1012–1013, 1013f Fick’s law of diffusion in, 8–9
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate, 202t carbamate, 1012, 1012t Henderson-Hasselbalch equation in, 9
Pentamidine, 931, 932t, 933 organochlorine, 1010t, 1010–1011, 1013f permeation in, 7–9, 8f, 8t
Pentasa, 1107 organophosphorus, 1011t, 1011–1012 of selected drugs, 43t–44t
Pentazocine, 555t, 569 pFOX inhibitors, angina pectoris treated target concentration in, 43t–44t, 49–52
Pentobarbital, 383f, 393t. See also with, 207 target concentration intervention in,
Barbiturates PGE 1 analogs, 200b 51–52
Pentostatin, 989 PGI 2 analogs, 324f, 335 volume of distribution in, 42
Pentoxifylline P-glycoprotein transporter, 8 Pharmacologic potency, 36, 36f
on blood viscosity, 353 Pharmaceutical industry, 11 Pharmacologic profile, 12
peripheral artery disease and intermittent Pharmacodynamics. See also Receptor; Pharmacology
claudication treated with, 209 specific drugs definition of, 1
P450 enzymes, 59–63 dose–effect in, 41, 42f history of, 2–3
enzyme induction in, 59, 62t–63t principles of, 5–7 major areas of study in, 1–2, 2f
enzyme inhibition in, 59–61, 62t–63t agonists in, 5, 6f. See also Agonist medical, 1
specific enzymes in, 59, 62t–63t, 64f antagonists in, 5, 6f. See also principles of, 3–10. See also Principles,
Peptic ulcer disease Antagonist pharmacology
H 2 -receptor antagonists for, 1090–1091 drug dose and clinical response in, Phase 1 clinical trials, 16
proton-pump inhibitors for, 1093–1094 36–40 Phase 2 clinical trials, 16
Peptide YY (PYY), 315 drug-receptor interaction types in, 5 Phase 3 clinical trials, 17
Peptidyl dipeptidase, 303 duration of drug action in, 6–7 Phase 4 clinical trials, 17
Peracetic acid, 900–901 receptors and inert binding sites in, 7 Phase I enzyme pharmacogenomics, 75–78,
Perampanel, 411, 423–424, 433t, 437t of selected drugs, 43t–44t 76t–77t, 79t–80t
Percutaneous absorption, 1068, 1069df of target concentration intervention, 52 CYP2C19, 76t, 78, 79t
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), 1016 Pharmacogenetics CYP2D6, 75–78, 76t, 79t
Performance anxiety, 169 definition of, 38 dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, 76t,
Pergolide. See also Dopamine receptor testing of, in drug therapy, 69 78, 79t, 81
agonists Pharmacogenomics, 74–87 Phase I enzyme polymorphisms, 65–69,
description of, 294–295, 297t definition of, 2, 74 66t–67t, 68f
Parkinson’s disease treated with, 498 enzyme genetic variations in, 75–82 Phase I reactions
Perhexiline, 210t future directions in, 86 description of, 57, 57f, 60t–61t
Perinatal pharmacology, 1047–1057. See glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, microsomal mixed function oxidase
also Pregnancy, pharmacology in 81–82, 82t system and, 58f, 58–59
Perindopril, 187 immune system function genetic Phase II enzyme pharmacogenomics, 76t,
Peripheral artery disease (PAD), 209, 211t variations in, 83–85 79t, 81
Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs), 602 drug-induced hypersensitivity thiopurine S-methyltransferase, 76t, 79t,
Peripheral nervous system (PNS), 89 reactions, 83t, 83–85, 84f 81
Peripheral neuropathy, 1022 IFNL3 (IL-28B), 77t, 80t, 85 UGT1A1, 74, 76t, 79t, 81, 87
Peripheral synapses, 102t phase I enzymes in, 75–78 Phase II enzyme polymorphisms, in drug
Peripheral vascular disease, 161 phase II enzymes in, 81 metabolism, 69
Peripheral vascular resistance, 174 polygenic effects in, CYP2C9 and Phase II reactions, 57, 57f, 63, 64f, 64t
Peritoneal dialysis, 1039t, 1040 VKORC1, 77t, 80t, 85–86 Phenacemide, 419–420
Permeation, 7–9, 8f, 8t terms in, 75t Phenanthrenes, 567, 572t. See also Opioid
Permethrin, 1075 transporter genetic variations in, 82–83 agonists
Permissible exposure limit values (PELs), Pharmacokinetics, 41–48. See also specific mild to moderate agonists, 568, 572t
1007t drugs mixed receptor analgesic actions, 569,
Pernicious anemia, 598. See also Vitamin bioavailability in, 47f, 47t, 47–48 572t
B 12 deficiency clearance in, 42–46. See also Clearance Phencyclidine (PCP)
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- (CL)) description of, 577t, 580
gamma (PPAR-γ), 760 dose–concentration in, 41, 42f ionotropic receptors in, 585
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- drug accumulation in, 46f, 46–47 Phenelzine, 539f, 540t, 546t, 550t.
gamma (PPAR-γ) ligands, extraction ratio in See also Antidepressant agents;
760–761 first-pass effect and, 48 Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Peroxygen compounds, 900–901 formula for, 47 (MAOIs)