Page 216 - Maxwell House

196 ANTENNA BASICS

Chapter Contents

Introduction 197 5.3.5 Multiple Input Multiple Output
(MIMO) Radar System 230
5.1 EM WAVE 5.3.6 5G (Fifth-Generation) Wireless
POLARIZATION 198 Network and “Golden Rush” of
5.1.1 Classification of Common MIMO 231
Polarization 198
5.1.2 Co- and Cross-Polarization 5.4 ANTENNA ARRAY
5.1.3 Twisted EM Waves 201 FACTOR 234
5.1.4 How Can Antenna 5.4.1 Introduction 234
Polarization Be Chosen? 203 5.4.2 Basics of Linear Array
Analysis 236
5.2 ANTENNA 5.4.3 Pattern Multiplication 238
5.4.4
PARAMETER 207 Basics of Linear Array
5.2.1 Introduction 207 Synthesis 238
5.2.2 Radiation Resistance and 5.4.5 Phasor-Vector Interpretation
Lumped Equivalent Circuit of Array Pattern 242
of Antenna 207 5.4.6 Linear Arrays with
5.2.3 Return Loss 209 Progressive Phase
5.2.4 Antenna Quality Factor Distribution and Their Feed 245
(Q factor), Bandpass and 5.4.7 Radiation of Linear Array with
Radiation Efficiency 210 Progressive Phase Excitation 247
5.2.5 Near-field Zone vs. Far field 5.4.8 Continuous Linear Array 249
Zone 211
5.2.6 Radiation Pattern. Main 5.5 BEAM STEERING
Beam, Beamwidth, and TECHNIQUES 251
Sidelobes 214 5.5.1 Introduction 251
5.2.7 Sidelobes Specification. 5.5.2 Linear Array Beam Steering 251
Grating Lobes 217 5.5.3 Grating Lobe vs. Beam
5.2.8 Antenna Noise Temperature219 Steering 252
5.2.9 TEM Waves in Far field 5.5.4 True Time Delay (TTD)
Zone 221 Steering 254
5.2.10 Directivity and Gain 221 5.5.5 Frequency Scan 256
5.2.11 Antenna Effective Aperture 223 5.5.6 Within-Pulse Scan
5.2.12 Directivity, Effective Technique 257
Aperture and HPBW 225 5.5.7 Synthetic Aperture Radar
5.2.13 G/T Parameter 225 (SAR) 258
5.2.14 Antenna Factor 225 5.5.8 Linear Array with Multiple
5.2.15 Antenna Power Handling 226 Simultaneous Beams 260

5.3 SYSTEM 5.6 PLANAR AND
REQUIREMENTS AND CONFORMAL ARRAYS 261
ANTENNA GAIN 226 5.6.1 Planar Arrays 261
5.3.1 Introduction 226 5.6.2 Conformal Arrays 268
5.3.2 Path Loss (Friis 5.6.3 Effect of Beam Focusing 267
Transmission Formula)
and EIRP 226 REFERENCES 270
5.3.3 Monostatic Radar Equation 228
5.3.4 Bistatic Radar Equation 229