Page 7 - Demo

4 Microscopy100S. W. PADDOCK4.1 Introduction 1004.2 The light microscope 1034.3 Optical sectioning 1164.4 Imaging living cells and tissues 1234.5 Measuring cellular dynamics 1264.6 The electron microscope (EM) 1294.7 Image archiving 1334.8 Suggestions for further reading 1365 Molecular biology, bioinformatics and basic techniques138R. RAPLEY5.1 Introduction 1385.2 Structure of nucleic acids 1395.3 Genes and genome complexity 1455.4 Location and packaging of nucleic acids 1495.5 Functions of nucleic acids 1525.6 The manipulation of nucleic acids %u2013 basic tools and techniques 1625.7 Isolation and separation of nucleic acids 1645.8 Molecular biology and bioinformatics 1705.9 Molecular analysis of nucleic acid sequences 1715.10 The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 1785.11 Nucleotide sequencing of DNA 1875.12 Suggestions for further reading 1946 Recombinant DNA and genetic analysis195R. RAPLEY6.1 Introduction 1956.2 Constructing gene libraries 1966.3 Cloning vectors 2066.4 Hybridisation and gene probes 2236.5 Screening gene libraries 2256.6 Applications of gene cloning 2296.7 Expression of foreign genes 2346.8 Analysing genes and gene expression 2406.9 Analysing whole genomes 2546.10 Pharmacogenomics 2596.11 Molecular biotechnology and applications 2606.12 Suggestions for further reading 2627 Immunochemical techniques263R. BURNS7.1 Introduction 2637.2 Making antibodies 273vi Contents