Page 13 - Siaf 2025

Agricultural Finance in Sudan: Challenges and Solutions Amidst War

نادﻌسلا ﻎﺸ ﻎﺲارﺞلا ﻀﻏﻌمﺎلا

برﺗلا ﻀظ ﻎﺸ لﻌﻂﺗلاو ﻀﺾاﺤملا

ﻦﻣﻷا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗو ﺔﻴﻔﻳﺮﻟا ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟا ﻢﻋد ﻲﻓ سﺎﺳﻷا ﺮﺠﺣ ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺪﻌﻳ
ﹰ
ﻰﻠﻋ نﺎﻜﺴﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﺮﻴﺒﻛ ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﺗ ﺚﻴﺣ ،نادﻮﺴﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺎﺻﻮﺼﺧ ،ﻲﺋاﺬﻐﻟا
تاﻮﻨﺴﻟ ﻞﻇ ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻲﻠﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا مﺎﻈﻨﻟا نأ ﻻإ .ﺔﺸﻴﻌﻣو ﻞﺧد رﺪﺼﻤﻛ ﺔﻋارﺰﻟا
Agricultural nance is a cornerstone for Financing Distribution by State (2022) عﻻﺪﻧا ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻗﻮﺒﺴﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ةرﻮﺼﺑ ﺖﻤﻗﺎﻔﺗ ،ﺔﻴﺴﺳﺆﻣو ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻴﻫ تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺗ ﻪﺟاﻮﻳ
supporting rural development and achieving food State % of Agricultural Finance Remarks
security particularly in Sudan, where a large portion Gezira 28% Largest irrigated agricultural project ،ﻲﻓﺮﺼﻤﻟا مﺎﻈﻨﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻊﺳاو ﻞﻠﺷ ﻰﻟإ تدأ ﻲﺘﻟاو ،2023 ﻞﻳﺮﺑأ ﻲﻓ بﺮﺤﻟا
of the population depends on agriculture as a prima- Gedaref 15% Rain-fed commercial crop nancing 2022 تﺎﻳﻻﻮﻟا ﺐﺴﺣ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻊﻳزﻮﺗ ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا ﻊﻳرﺎﺸﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺮﻴﺒﻛ دﺪﻋ ﻒﻗﻮﺗو.
ry source of income and livelihood. However, for River Nile 12% Wheat and vegetable nancing تﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﺔﻳﻮﺌﻤﻟا ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟا ﺔﻳﻻﻮﻟا ﹰ
years, the agricultural nancing system has faced Northern State 10% Irrigated wheat and fruit farming يوﺮﻣ ﻲﻋارز عوﺮﺸﻣ ﺮﺒﻛأ. 28%ةﺮﻳﺰﺠﻟا ﹼ بﺮﺤﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ نادﻮﺴﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻊﻗاو :ﻻوأ
structural and institutional challenges, which have Kordofan 12% Traditional farming and seasonal ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا عﺎﻄﻘﻠﻟ ﻪﺟﻮﻤﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺔﺒﺴﻧ زوﺎﺠﺘﺗ ﻢﻟ :ﻲﻓﺮﺼﻤﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻒﻌﺿ
been exacerbated signi cantly since the outbreak of loans ﺔﻳرﺎﺠﺘﻟا ﺔﻳﺮﻄﻤﻟا ﻞﻴﺻﺎﺤﻤﻠﻟ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗ. 15%فرﺎﻀﻘﻟا
war in April 2023. e conict has caused wide- Greater Darfur 8% Limited support for traditional ﺮﻀﺨﻟاو ﺢﻤﻘﻠﻟ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗ. 12%ﻞﻴﻨﻟا ﺮﻬﻧ 30% ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛﺄﺑ ﻢﻫﺎﺴﺗ ﺔﻋارﺰﻟا نأ ﻢﻏر ،ﻲﻓﺮﺼﻤﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺟإ ﻦﻣ 10%
spread paralysis of the banking system and the farming ﻪﻛاﻮﻔﻟاو ﺢﻤﻘﻠﻟ ﺔﻳوﺮﻣ ﺔﻋارز. 10%ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﺸﻟا ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟا ﺞﺗﺎﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ.
suspension of many agricultural projects. Sennar & Blue Nile 10% Mixed (rain-fed and irrigat- ﻲﻤﺳﻮﻣ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗو ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﺔﻋارز. 12%نﺎﻓدﺮﻛ ﻻإ ،ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻠﻟ ﻲﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟا رﺪﺼﻤﻟا ﻞﻜﺷ :ﻲﻧادﻮﺴﻟا ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻚﻨﺒﻟا ةﺮﻄﻴﺳ
8%ىﺮﺒﻜﻟا رﻮﻓراد
First: e State of Agricultural Finance in Sudan ed) farming 5% Marginal and weak nancing ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا ﺔﻋارﺰﻠﻟ دوﺪﺤﻣ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗ. 10%قرزﻷا ﻞﻴﻨﻟاو رﺎﻨﺳ ﺔﻴﻓاﺮﻐﺠﻟا ﺔﻴﻄﻐﺘﻟا رﺎﺴﺤﻧاو ،ﺔﻴﻃاﺮﻗوﺮﻴﺒﻟاو ،لﺎﻤﻟا سأر ﻒﻌﺿ ﻦﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻌﻳ ﻪﻧأ.
Other states
ﺔﻳوﺮﻣو ﺔﻳﺮﻄﻣ) ﺔﻄﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺔﻋارز).
Before the War
Weak Banking Sector Support: Agricultural nanc- Post-War Financing Status (2024) ﻒﻴﻌﺿو ﻲﺸﻣﺎﻫ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗ. 5%ىﺮﺧأ تﺎﻳﻻو ﻻو ،يرﺎﻤﺜﺘﺳا ﻲﻋارز ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗ ﻖﻳدﺎﻨﺻ ﺪﺟﻮﺗ ﻻ :ﺔﻠﻳﺪﺑ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗ تاودأ بﺎﻴﻏ
ing accounted for no more than 10% of total banking Region Financing Status 2024 بﺮﺤﻟا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻊﺿﻮﻟا ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺘﻟا وأ ﻲﻧوﺎﻌﺘﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻟﺎﻌﻓ تﺎﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣ.
credit, even though agriculture contributes over 30% Northern, River Nile Partially active بﺮﺤﻟا ﺪﻌﺑ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻤﻟا ﹰ
ﹰ
to the GDP. Gedaref, Kassala Very limited ﺎﻴﺋﺰﺟ ﻂﺸﻧ ﻞﻴﻨﻟا ﺮﻬﻧ ،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﺸﻟا ﻲﻠﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا مﺎﻈﻨﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟا ﻞﻛﺎﺸﻤﻟا :ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ
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Dominance of the Agricultural Bank of Sudan: It Sennar, Blue Nile Nearly halted اﺪﺟ دوﺪﺤﻣ ﻼﺴﻛ ،فرﺎﻀﻘﻟا ﺔﻳرﺎﻘﻌﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻤﻀﻟا
served as the primary source of agricultural loans, Gezira, Khartoum Completely suspended
but it su‰ers from limited capital, bureaucratic proce- Greater Darfur, Kordofan Completely suspended ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻣ ﻪﺒﺷ قرزﻷا ﻞﻴﻨﻟا ،رﺎﻨﺳ رﺎﻐﺻ ﺔﻴﺒﻟﺎﻐﻟ ﺮﻓﻮﺘﻳ ﻻ ﺎﻣ ﻮﻫو ،ﺔﻳرﺎﻘﻋ تﺎﻧﺎﻤﺿ دﻮﺟو ﻲﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا طﺮﺘﺸﻳ
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dures, and restricted geographic coverage. International estimates indicate a decline of more than 65% in ﺎﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻣ مﻮﻃﺮﺨﻟا ،ةﺮﻳﺰﺠﻟا
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Lack of Alternative Financing Tools: ere are no agricultural nancing compared to 2022. ﺎﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻣ نﺎﻓدﺮﻛ ،ىﺮﺒﻜﻟا رﻮﻓراد ﺔﻠﺠﺴﻤﻟا ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﺿارﻷا وأ عاﺰﻨﻟا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻴﺳ ﻻ ،ﻦﻴﻋراﺰﻤﻟا.
active agricultural investment funds, nor e‰ective Fi“h: Proposed Solutions ﻦﻋ ﺪﻳﺰﺗ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺑ ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ضﺎﻔﺨﻧا ﻰﻟإ ﺮﻴﺸﺗ ﺔﻴﻟود تاﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗ ﹰ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺔﻔﻠﻜﺗ عﺎﻔﺗرا
cooperative or agricultural insurance systems. Reform Financing Policies 2022 مﺎﻌﺑ ﺔﻧرﺎﻘﻣ 65%
Second: Main Challenges in the Financing System Increase agricultural sector credit allocation to at least 20% of ﹰ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺌﺒﻋ ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺖﻠﻌﺟ ،فﺮﺼﻟا ﺮﻌﺳ بﺬﺑﺬﺗو ،ﺔﻌﻔﺗﺮﻤﻟا ﺪﺋاﻮﻔﻟا
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Land Collateral Requirements total bank nancing. ﺔﻨﻜﻤﻤﻟا لﻮﻠﺤﻟا :ﺎﺴﻣﺎﺧ اﺰﻔﺤﻣ نﻮﻜﻳ نأ ﻦﻣ ﻻﺪﺑ ﻦﻴﺠﺘﻨﻤﻟا.
Formal nancing requires property collateral, which Adopt cooperative and decentralized nancing via producer ﺔﻴﻠﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا تﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا حﻼﺻإ
most small-scale farmers especially those in conict associations. 20% ﻰﻟإ ﻲﻓﺮﺼﻤﻟا مﺎﻈﻨﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﻊﻓر ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺖﻴﻗﻮﺗ ﺮﺧﺄﺗ
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areas or on unregistered lands cannot provide. Use of Alternative Collateral ﻦﻴﺠﺘﻨﻤﻟا تﺎﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﺮﺒﻋ يﺰﻛﺮﻣﻼﻟاو ﻲﻧوﺎﻌﺘﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻲﻨﺒﺗ ﺎﻫاوﺪﺟ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻠﻘﻳ ﺎﻤﻣ ،ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻢﺳﻮﻤﻟا ﺔﻳاﺪﺑ ﺪﻌﺑ ةﺮﺧﺄﺘﻣ ضوﺮﻘﻟا ﻞﺼﺗ ﺎﻣ ﺎﺒﻟﺎﻏ
High Cost of Financing Accept crops or agricultural equipment as collateral instead of ﺔﻠﻳﺪﺒﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻤﻀﻟا ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا
ﹰ
High interest rates and currency instability have real estate. تارﺎﻘﻌﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻻﺪﺑ ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تاﺪﻌﻤﻟا وأ لﻮﺼﺤﻤﻟا نﺎﻤﺿ ﻦﻴﻜﻤﺗ جﺎﺘﻧﻹا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺛﺆﻳو.
made agricultural nancing a burden rather than an Activate group guarantees among farmers in rural communi- ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺘﻟا ﻒﻌﺿ
incentive for producers. ties. ﺔﻴﻠﺤﻤﻟا تﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻦﻴﻋراﺰﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻤﻀﻟا ﻞﻴﻌﻔﺗ
Delayed Disbursement Digital Finance Integration ﻲﻤﻗﺮﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا لﺎﺧدإ ﺔﻘﺛ ﻒﻌﻀﻳو ،ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا رﺎﻤﺜﺘﺳﻻا ﺮﻃﺎﺨﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﻳ لﺎﻌﻓ ﻦﻴﻣﺄﺗ مﺎﻈﻧ دﻮﺟو مﺪﻋ
Loans o“en arrive a“er the agricultural season has Promote mobile banking and digital platforms for disburse- ،لﺎﻘﻨﻟا ﻒﺗﺎﻬﻟا ﺮﺒﻋ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟاو تﻼﻳﻮﺤﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻧوﺮﺘﻜﻟﻹا تﺎﺼﻨﻤﻟا ﻞﻴﻌﻔﺗ ﺔﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗ ﻲﻓ كﻮﻨﺒﻟا.
ﹰ
already started, reducing their usefulness and a‰ect- ments and transfers, especially in stable areas. ﺔﻨﻣﻵا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺎﺻﻮﺼﺧ
ing production. Establish Emergency Agricultural Support Funds ﺔﺋرﺎﻃ ﻲﻋارز ﻢﻋد ﻖﻳدﺎﻨﺻ ﺲﻴﺳﺄﺗ ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟا ءﻮﺳ
Weak Agricultural Insurance Create a national fund to re nance agriculture in partnership ﻪﻴﻘﺤﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﻴﻐﻟ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا بﺮﺴﺗ ﻰﻟإ ىدأ ةرادﻹا ءﻮﺳو ةﺎﺑﺎﺤﻤﻟا رﺎﺸﺘﻧا.
e absence of a reliable insurance system increases with international organizations. تﺎﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻛاﺮﺸﻟﺎﺑ ،ﺔﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗ ةدﺎﻋﻹ ﻲﻨﻃو قوﺪﻨﺻ ءﺎﺸﻧإ ﹰ
the risk of agricultural investment and weakens Link nancing to direct provision of improved inputs (seeds, ﺔﻴﻟود ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ بﺮﺤﻟا ﺮﺛأ :ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺛ
banks’ willingness to lend. fertilizers, fuel). دﻮﻗو ،دﺎﻤﺳ ،روﺬﺑ - ةﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻨﺴﺤﻣ تﻼﺧﺪﻣ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺘﺑ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻂﺑر . ﻲﻓﺮﺼﻤﻟا مﺎﻈﻨﻟا رﺎﻴﻬﻧا
Poor Distribution Encourage Production-Based Relief and International Fund- جﺎﺘﻧﻹﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻤﻟا ﻲﺛﺎﻏﻹاو ﻲﻟوﺪﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺠﺸﺗ
Favoritism and mismanagement have led to leakage ing ﻲﺋاﺬﻐﻟا ﻦﻣﻷا ﺞﻣاﺮﺑ ﻦﻤﺿ ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا جﺎﺘﻧﻹﺎﺑ طوﺮﺸﻤﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا دﺎﻤﺘﻋا ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺋر ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣو ،رﻮﻓراد ،ةﺮﻳﺰﺠﻟا ،مﻮﻃﺮﺨﻟا ﻲﻓ كﻮﻨﺒﻟا عوﺮﻓ ﻢﻈﻌﻣ ﺖﻔﻗﻮﺗ
of funds to undeserving bene ciaries. Adopt nancing models that are conditional on agricultural بﺮﺤﻟﺎﺑ ةﺮﺛﺄﺘﻤﻟا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻤﻠﻟ ىﺮﺧأ.
ird: Impact of the War on Agricultural Finance production within food security programs in conict-a‰ected
Collapse of the Banking System areas. ﹰ ﹰ ﺔﻤﺗﺎﺧ ﻲﺴﺳﺆﻤﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻒﻗﻮﺗ
Most bank branches in Khartoum, Gezira, Darfur, Conclusion ﻼﺟﺎﻋ ﺎﻛﺮﺤﺗ ﺐﻠﻄﺘﺗ ﺔﺟﺮﺣ ﺔﻠﺣﺮﻤﺑ مﻮﻴﻟا ﻲﻧادﻮﺴﻟا ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا عﺎﻄﻘﻟا ﺮﻤﻳ ﻦﻣ 60% ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛأ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻢﻳﺪﻘﺗ ﻦﻋ ﻲﻧادﻮﺴﻟا ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻚﻨﺒﻟا ﻒﻗﻮﺗ
and other key regions have ceased operations. Sudan’s agricultural sector is at a critical juncture that عﺮﺳﻷا ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻟا ﻲﻫ ﺔﻋارﺰﻟﺎﻓ .ﺮﺜﻌﺘﻤﻟا ﻲﻠﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا مﺎﻈﻨﻟا ءﺎﻨﺑ ةدﺎﻋﻹ
Institutional Financing Halted demands urgent action to rebuild its fractured nancing نود ﺎﻬﺑ ضﻮﻬﻨﻟا ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻻو ،يدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻاو ﻲﺸﻴﻌﻤﻟا راﺮﻘﺘﺳﻻا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ ﺎﻬﻴﻄﻐﻳ نﺎﻛ ﻲﺘﻟا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻤﻟا.
e Agricultural Bank of Sudan suspended nancing system. Agriculture remains the fastest pathway to restoring ﻦﻤﻀﻳو عاﺰﻨﻟا ﻊﻗاو ﻊﻣ ﻒﻴﻜﺘﻳ ،ﻦﻣآو ،لدﺎﻋ ،نﺮﻣ ﻲﻠﻳﻮﻤﺗ مﺎﻈﻧ ﻖﺋﺎﺛﻮﻟاو تﺎﻧﺎﻤﻀﻟا ناﺪﻘﻓ
in over 60% of the areas it used to serve. livelihoods and economic stability. A exible, fair, and secure
Loss of Collateral and Documents nancing system is essential—one that adapts to the reality of ةﺮﺛﺄﺘﻤﻟاو ﺔﻴﻔﻳﺮﻟا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻴﺳ ﻻ ،ﻦﻴﺠﺘﻨﻤﻟا ﻊﻴﻤﺠﻟ ﻲﻟﺎﻤﻟا لﻮﻤﺸﻟا ﺰﺠﻋ ﻦﻣ داز ﺎﻣ ،تﺎﻧﺎﻤﻀﻟاو ﺔﻴﻜﻠﻤﻟا تاﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ ناﺪﻘﻓ ﻰﻟإ ﺎﻳدأ رﺎﻣﺪﻟاو حوﺰﻨﻟا
Displacement and destruction have resulted in the conict and ensures nancial inclusion for all producers, بﺮﺤﻟﺎﺑ
loss of land ownership documents and guarantees, especially in rural and war-a‰ected regions. ﻊﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻟا ﻦﻋ ﻦﻴﻋراﺰﻤﻟا.
leaving farmers unable to secure nancing. يﻮﻨﺴﻟا ﺮﻳﺮﻘﺘﻟا 2022 يﺰﻛﺮﻤﻟا نادﻮﺴﻟا ﻚﻨﺑ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻒﻴﻟﺎﻜﺗ عﺎﻔﺗرا
Rising Costs References ﻲﻋﺎﻄﻘﻟا ءادﻷا ﺮﻳﺮﻘﺗ 2022 يدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟاو ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟا ةرازو
Input costs have increased by over 200% due to ina- Central Bank of Sudan. (2022). Annual Report. ﺖﻌﻔﺗراو ،ﻢﺨﻀﺘﻟا ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ 200% قﻮﻔﺗ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺑ ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تﻼﺧﺪﻤﻟا ﺔﻔﻠﻜﺗ تداز
tion, with nancing costs rising at a similar rate. Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning. (2022). Sectoral ﺔﻋارﺰﻟا عﺎﻄﻗ – ﺔﻬﺑﺎﺸﻣ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺑ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺔﻔﻠﻛ.
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Cash Shortages and Disrupted Transfers Performance Report – Agriculture. ءادﻷا ﺮﻳرﺎﻘﺗو ﺔﻴﻔﺤﺻ تﺎﻧﺎﻴﺑ .(2023) .ﻲﻧادﻮﺴﻟا ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻚﻨﺒﻟا
Even in relatively stable states, access to funds has Agricultural Bank of Sudan. (2023). Press releases and perfor- 2022 .ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟا ةرادﻹا – تﺎﺑﺎﻐﻟاو ﺔﻋارﺰﻟا ةرازو تﻼﻳﻮﺤﺘﻟا ﻞﻄﻌﺗو ﺔﻟﻮﻴﺴﻟا بﺎﻴﻏ
become di™cult, increasing farmers’ isolation. mance reports. FAO. (2022). Agricultural Finance Landscape in Sudan ﻦﻴﻋراﺰﻤﻟا ﺔﻟﺰﻋ ﻦﻣ داز ﺔﻨﻣﻵا تﺎﻳﻻﻮﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻰﺘﺣ لاﻮﻣﻷا ﻰﻟإ لﻮﺻﻮﻟا ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺻ.
Fourth: Statistics and Regional Financing Map Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry – General Directorate of 2023ﻲﻟوﺪﻟا ﻚﻨﺒﻟاSudan Rapid Damage and Needs ﹰ
Agricultural Financing Volume Before the War Agricultural Finance. (2022). Assessment ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻤﻟا ﺐﺴﺣ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺔﻄﻳﺮﺧو تاءﺎﺼﺣﻹا :ﺎﻌﺑار
(2022) FAO. (2022). Agricultural Finance Landscape in Sudan. 2022 بﺮﺤﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻢﺠﺣ
Total banking credit: SDG 650 billion World Bank. (2023). Sudan Rapid Damage and Needs Assess- UNDP. (2024). Post-Conflict Agricultural Recovery in
Agricultural nancing: Approximately SDG 63 ment. Sudan ﻲﻧادﻮﺳ ﻪﻴﻨﺟ رﺎﻴﻠﻣ 650 :ﻲﻓﺮﺼﻤﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻲﻟﺎﻤﺟإ.
billion (9.7%) UNDP. (2024). Post-Conict Agricultural Recovery in Sudan. WFP. (2024). Emergency Agricultural Situation 9.7% ﻪﻴﻨﺟ رﺎﻴﻠﻣ 63 ﻲﻟاﻮﺣ :ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا.
Number of nanced farmers: Around 800,000 WFP. (2024). Emergency Agricultural Situation Report. Report
Agricultural Bank of Sudan: Accounted for 85% of UN Agriculture Working Group in Sudan. (2024). 2024 .ةﺪﺤﺘﻤﻟا ﻢﻣﻷا – ﺔﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻤﻋ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ 800,000 ﺔﺑاﺮﻗ :نﻮﻟﻮﻤﻤﻟا نﻮﻋراﺰﻤﻟا.
total agricultural nancing Center for Peace and Development Studies – University of 2024 .يﺮﺤﺑ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ – ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟاو مﻼﺴﻟا تﺎﺳارد ﺰﻛﺮﻣ ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ 85% ﻦﻋ لوﺆﺴﻣ :ﻲﻧادﻮﺴﻟا ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻚﻨﺒﻟا.
Bahri. (2024).
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