Page 15 - Siaf 2025

Challenges of Agricultural Technology Transfer ثﻏﺛﺗلاو يﺛﻐﻂﺼﺎلا ﻆﻐﺲاطﺼلا ﻎﺸ ﺋﻐﺲارﺞلا تاﻇاﺼﺎلا ﻀﺼﻇ تاﻏﺛﺗت

ﹸ
Agricultural technologies are the driving force behind any real agricultural transforma- ﻲﺘﻟا ﻲﻬﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﺔﻴﻋارز ﺔﻀﻬﻧ يﻷ ﻲﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟا كﺮﺤﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟا ﺪﻌﺗ
tion. They lead to improved productivity, optimized resource use, and enhanced food ﻲﻓو .ﻲﺋاﺬﻐﻟا ﻦﻣﻷا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺗو ،دراﻮﻤﻟا ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﺪﻴﺷﺮﺗو ،ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧﻹا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺗ ﻰﻟإ دﻮﻘﺗ
security. In Sudan where agricultural systems range from traditional, labor-intensive ،ﺔﻳوﺪﻴﻟا ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳ يﺪﻴﻠﻘﺗ عﺎﻄﻗ ﻦﻴﺑ ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا ﺔﻤﻈﻧﻷا توﺎﻔﺘﺗ ﺚﻴﺣ ،نادﻮﺴﻟا
practices to modern, mechanized operations—there are significant challenges in transfer- ﻦﻴﻃﻮﺗو ﻞﻘﻧ ﻲﻓ ةﺮﻴﺒﻛ تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺗ زﺮﺒﺗ ،ﺔﻣﺪﻘﺘﻤﻟا تﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟاو تﺎﻴﻟﻵا مﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ عﺎﻄﻗو
ring and localizing agricultural technologies across both sectors. ﻦﻴﻋﺎﻄﻘﻟا ﻼﻛ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟا. ﹰ
Overview of the Traditional and Modern Sectors ﺚﻳﺪﺤﻟاو يﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا ﻦﻴﻋﺎﻄﻘﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ةﺮﻈﻧ :ﻻوأ
Traditional Sector: يﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا عﺎﻄﻘﻟا
This sector includes the majority of smallholder farmers who rely on manual tools and تﺎﺣﺎﺴﻣو ﺔﻴﺋاﺪﺑ تاودأ ﻰﻠﻋ نوﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳ ﻦﻳﺬﻟا ﻦﻴﻋراﺰﻤﻟا رﺎﻐﺻ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻌﺳاو ﺔﺤﻳﺮﺷ ﻞﻤﺸﻳ
cultivate small plots. It is mainly concentrated in Darfur, Kordofan, Blue Nile, and parts of ﻦﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﻌﻳ .ىﺮﺧأ تﺎﻳﻻو ﻦﻣ ءاﺰﺟأو ،قرزﻷا ﻞﻴﻨﻟا ،نﺎﻓدﺮﻛ ،رﻮﻓراد تﺎﻳﻻو ﻲﻓ ﺰﻛﺮﺘﻳو ،ةﺮﻴﻐﺻ
other states. It suffers from weak infrastructure and limited access to agricultural services. ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تﺎﻣﺪﺨﻟا ﺔﻠﻗو ﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻟا ﻒﻌﺿ.
Modern Sector: ﺚﻳﺪﺤﻟا عﺎﻄﻘﻟا
This sector comprises large-scale commercial farms and agricultural projects that use ،ﺔﻣﺪﻘﺘﻤﻟا جﺎﺘﻧﻹا ﻢﻈﻧو ﺔﻨﻜﻴﻤﻟا مﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﻳرﺎﺠﺘﻟا عراﺰﻤﻟاو ةﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟا ﻊﻳرﺎﺸﻤﻟا ﻢﻀﻳ
mechanization and advanced techniques. It is more common in areas like Gedaref, تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟا بﺎﻌﻴﺘﺳا ﻰﻠﻋ ةرﺪﻗ ﺮﺜﻛأ ﻮﻫو ،ةﺮﻳﺰﺠﻟاو ،رﺎﻨﺳ ،فرﺎﻀﻘﻟا ﻞﺜﻣ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺰﻛﺮﺘﺗو
Sennar, and Gezira. While it is more capable of adopting technologies, it faces its own ﻊﺳﻮﺘﻟاو ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻄﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺗ ﻪﺟاﻮﻳ ﻪﻨﻜﻟ
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financial and logistical barriers. ﹸ ؟ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟﺎﺑ دﻮﺼﻘﻤﻟا ﺎﻣ :ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ
What Are Agricultural Technologies? ﻦﻣ ﻦﺴﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﺳرﺎﻤﻤﻟاو تاودﻷا ﻞﻛ ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟا ﻞﻤﺸﺗ
These include all tools, inputs, and practices that improve: ةﺪﻤﺳﻷاو ﺔﻨﺴﺤﻤﻟا روﺬﺒﻟا ﻞﺜﻣ - ﻞﻴﺻﺎﺤﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧإ
Crop production (improved seeds, fertilizers). ﺔﻳﺬﻐﺘﻟاو تﻻﻼﺴﻟا ﻦﻴﺴﺤﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ - ناﻮﻴﺤﻟا جﺎﺘﻧإ
Livestock production (better breeds, feeding systems). شﺮﻟا وأ ﻂﻴﻘﻨﺘﻟﺎﺑ يﺮﻟا ﻞﺜﻣ - يﺮﻟا ةءﺎﻔﻛ
Water efficiency (drip or sprinkler irrigation). ﺔﻳﻮﻴﺤﻟا تاﺪﻴﺒﻤﻟا ﻞﺜﻣ - تﺎﻓﻵا ةرادإ
Pest control (biological and eco-friendly pesticides). ﺮﺒﻋ دﺎﺷرﻹا وأ ﺲﻘﻄﻟا تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ - ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟا تﺎﻣﺪﺨﻟاو ﺔﻴﻛﺬﻟا ﺔﻤﻈﻧﻷا ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا
Smart solutions (climate apps, remote advisory, digital platforms). ﻒﺗﺎﻬﻟا ﹰ
Challenges in the Traditional Sector
Weak Farmer Organization: يﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا عﺎﻄﻘﻟا ﻲﻓ تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟا :ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺛ
Absence of cooperatives or producer groups. ﹼ ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟا ﻒﻌﺿ
Difficulties accessing services individually. ﻢﻋﺪﻟا ﻢﻳﺪﻘﺗ ﺐﻌﺼﻳ ﺎﻤﻣ ،ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧﻹا تﺎﻋﻮﻤﺠﻤﻟا وأ تﺎﻴﻧوﺎﻌﺘﻟا بﺎﻴﻏ
Low bargaining power in markets. ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تﻼﺧﺪﻤﻟا ﺺﻘﻧ
Lack of Basic Agricultural Inputs: تاﺪﻴﺒﻤﻟاو ﺔﻨﺴﺤﻤﻟا روﺬﺒﻟا ﺮﻓﻮﺗ ﺔﻳدوﺪﺤﻣ
Limited availability of improved seeds and agrochemicals. قاﻮﺳﻸﻟ لﻮﺻﻮﻟا ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺻو رﺎﻌﺳﻷا عﺎﻔﺗرا
High costs and poor market access. ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا دﺎﺷرﻹا ةرﺪﻧ
Inadequate Extension Services: ﺔﻠﻫﺆﻤﻟا رداﻮﻜﻟا بﺎﻴﻏ
Shortage of qualified advisors. ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟا تﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟا ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻒﻌﺿ
Low use of digital advisory tools. ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا بﺎﻴﻏ
Limited Access to Finance: ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﺔﺑﻮﻠﻄﻤﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻤﻀﻟا ﻚﻠﻤﻳ ﻻ يﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا عراﺰﻤﻟا
Farmers lack the collateral required by banks. ﻲﻤﺳﺮﻟا ﺮﻴﻏ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ دﺎﻤﺘﻋﻻا
Reliance on informal and often exploitative credit sources. قاﻮﺳﻷﺎﺑ ﻦﻴﺠﺘﻨﻤﻟا ﻂﺑر ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺻ
Poor Market Integration: ﻦﻳﺰﺨﺘﻟاو ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺘﻟا ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ بﺎﻴﻏ
Lack of aggregation centers and storage facilities. يدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا دودﺮﻤﻟا ﻒﻌﺿو ءﺎﻄﺳﻮﻟا ةﺮﻄﻴﺳ
Dependence on middlemen and low profit margins. ﺚﻳﺪﺤﻟا عﺎﻄﻘﻟا ﻲﻓ تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟا :ﺎﻌﺑار
Challenges in the Modern Sector تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟا ﻒﻴﻟﺎﻜﺗ عﺎﻔﺗرا
High Cost of Technologies: ﺔﻌﻔﺗﺮﻣ رﺎﻌﺳﺄﺑ تاﺪﻌﻤﻟاو تﺎﻴﻟﻵا داﺮﻴﺘﺳا
Import-dependent with fluctuating foreign currency rates. رﺎﻴﻐﻟا ﻊﻄﻗ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺗ ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺻ
Maintenance and spare part availability issues. ﺔﺑرﺪﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻟا رداﻮﻜﻟا ﺺﻘﻧ
Lack of Skilled Technical Labor: تاﺪﻌﻤﻟا ﺔﻧﺎﻴﺻو ﻞﻴﻐﺸﺗ لﺎﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ
Limited training in operating and maintaining modern machinery. ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟا ﻲﻋارﺰﻟا ﺚﺤﺒﻟا ﻒﻌﺿ
Weak Applied Research Linkages: ةﺮﻴﺒﻜﻟا عراﺰﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﺜﺤﺒﻟا ﺰﻛاﺮﻤﻟا ﻂﺑر مﺪﻋ
Research institutions are not fully integrated into production systems. ﻞﺟﻷا ﻞﻳﻮﻃ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻲﻓ رﻮﺼﻗ
Inadequate Long-Term Finance: ﺚﻳﺪﺤﻟا عﺎﻄﻘﻟا تﺎﺟﺎﻴﺘﺣا ﻊﻣ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻳ ﻻو ،ﻞﺟﻷا ﺮﻴﺼﻗ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻢﻈﻌﻣ
Most financing is short-term and doesn't suit the needs of large-scale operations. ﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻟا ﻒﻌﺿ
Infrastructure Constraints: ءﺎﺑﺮﻬﻜﻟا تﺎﻜﺒﺷو تﻻﺎﺼﺗﻻاو قﺮﻄﻟا ﻞﺜﻣ
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Poor transport, electricity, and telecommunications in production areas. ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟا فاﺮﻃﻷا راودأ :ﺎﺴﻣﺎﺧ
Role Distribution ﺔﻟوﺪﻟا رود
The Role of the Government: ﺔﻤﻋاﺪﻟا تﺎﻌﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟاو تﺎﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﻊﺿو
Develop and implement supportive policies and regulations. ﺚﺤﺑ ﺰﻛاﺮﻣ ،ﺔﻗﺎﻃ ،قﺮﻃ ﺔﻣزﻼﻟا ﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻟا ءﺎﺸﻧإ
Build enabling infrastructure (roads, electricity, water, telecom). دﺎﺷرﻹاو تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟا ﻞﻘﻧو ﺚﺤﺒﻟا ﺞﻣاﺮﺑ ﻢﻋد
Invest in research, education, extension, and technology transfer. صﺎﺨﻟا عﺎﻄﻘﻟا رود
The Role of the Private Sector: ﺔﺜﻳﺪﺤﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟاو جﺎﺘﻧﻹا ﻲﻓ رﺎﻤﺜﺘﺳﻻا
Invest in production, agro-processing, and agri-business. ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تﺎﻣﺪﺨﻟاو ،تﺎﻴﻟﻵا ،تﻼﺧﺪﻤﻟا ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺗ
Supply inputs, finance, and services. ﺮﻳﺪﺼﺘﻟاو ﻖﻳﻮﺴﺘﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﻛرﺎﺸﻤﻟا
Engage in marketing and exporting agricultural products. ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تﺎﻤﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟاو ﻦﻴﻋراﺰﻤﻟا رود
The Role of Farmers and Farmer Organizations: ةﺪﻳﺪﺠﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟا ﻲﻨﺒﺗ
Adopt new technologies. ﺔﻴﻧوﺎﻌﺗ وأ ﺔﻴﺟﺎﺘﻧإ تﺎﻴﻌﻤﺟ ﻦﻤﺿ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا
Organize into cooperatives or groups. ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟا دراﻮﻤﻟا ﺔﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤﻟا
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Participate in conserving natural resources. ﺔﻟﺎﻌﻓ لﻮﻠﺣ ﻮﺤﻧ :ﺎﺳدﺎﺳ
Toward Effective Solutions ﺔﻴﻠﻘﺤﻟا برﺎﺠﺘﻟا ﺮﺒﻋ تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟا ﻦﻴﻃﻮﺗ
Pilot and localize technologies through field demonstrations. ﻦﻴﻋراﺰﻤﻟا رﺎﻐﺻ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟا جذﺎﻤﻨﻟا ﻂﻴﺴﺒﺗ
Simplify technical models to suit smallholder conditions. ﺔﻔﻠﻜﺘﻟا ﺾﻔﺨﻨﻣ ﻲﻛرﺎﺸﺗ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺗ ﺮﻴﻓﻮﺗ
Develop inclusive, low-cost financing mechanisms. ﺔﻓﺮﻌﻤﻟا ﻞﻘﻧ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻗﺮﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻟاو مﻼﻋﻹا ﻞﺋﺎﺳو ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا
Utilize media and digital platforms for knowledge dissemination. ﺔﻴﻟود تﺎﻤﻈﻨﻣ – صﺎﺧ عﺎﻄﻗ – ﺔﻟود ﺔﻴﺛﻼﺛ تﺎﻛاﺮﺷ ءﺎﻨﺑ
Build strong partnerships (Government – Private Sector – Development Agencies). ﺔﻤﺗﺎﺧ
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Conclusion ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟا ﻖﻴﻘﺤﺘﻟ ﺔﺤﻠﻣ ةروﺮﺿ ﻞﺑ ،ارﺎﻴﺧ ﺲﻴﻟ نادﻮﺴﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا تﺎﻧﺎﻘﺘﻟا ﻦﻴﻃﻮﺗو ﻞﻘﻧ نإ
The transfer and adoption of agricultural technologies in Sudan is not a luxury it is a neces- تارﺪﻗ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻂﺑﺮﺗ ﺔﺤﺿاو ﺔﻳؤرو ،ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﺔﻛاﺮﺷو ،ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﺳ ةدارإ ﻚﻟذ ﺐﻠﻄﺘﻳو .ﺔﻠﻣﺎﺸﻟا ﺔﻴﻋارﺰﻟا
sity for achieving sustainable agricultural development. This process requires strong ﻰﻟإ ﺔﻋارﺰﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﺤﺗ ﺎﻨﻨﻜﻤﻳ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺣ ﻂﻘﻓ .ﻦﻴﻋراﺰﻤﻟا تﺎﺟﺎﻴﺘﺣاو ،صﺎﺨﻟا عﺎﻄﻘﻟا رﺎﻜﺘﺑاو ،ﺔﻟوﺪﻟا
political will, effective partnerships, and a shared vision that aligns state capabilities, ماﺪﺘﺴﻣو ﺞﺘﻨﻣو بذﺎﺟ عﺎﻄﻗ.
private sector innovation, and farmers’ needs. Only then can agriculture become a produc-
tive, attractive, and resilient sector for Sudan’s future.
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