Page 418 - General Knowledge

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019

Artificial Pacemaker
 Small, battery-operated electronic device is inserted under the skin.
 Purpose is to stimulate the heart.
 The natural pacemaker of heart is Sinus node – 1.5 cm long, 3 mm wide muscle situated in
right wall of right atrium.
 Most run on lithium batteries.

 Battery needs to be replaced after 7-8 years.
 Pacemakers have become smaller over years, often weighs less than 30g.
Autoanalyser
 Assists in diagnosis of diseases and disorders, to monitor therapy.
 Increased work load can be processed rapidly.
 Maintaining quality of results, run along with every batch of test samples.
 High accuracy, calculations not needed.
 In minimal time large numbers of samples are processed.
 Some of its drawbacks are it is expensive, sometimes fails, and can process only small
number of specimens.

IMPORTANT FACTS

 Anton van Leeuwenhoek- First person to see a live cell with Microscope in 1674.

 Female ovum- Largest human cell, Red blood Cell – Smallest human cell.
 The Noble prize in medicine was awarded to James E Rothman, Randy W Schekman

and Thomas C in 2013.
 Age of fishes is called as ‗Devonian period‘, Reptiles - ‗Mesozoic era‘ and Mammals –

‗Coenozoic era‘.

 Broca‘s area present in brain related with speech production.
 Wernick‘s area – related with understanding of speech.

 Radiation Therapy is a cancer treatment, aims to kill cancer cells and shrink tumours.
th
 Dolly, the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell in 5 July 1996.
 French Chemist Louis Pasteur to invent the process to stop various food and liquids

makes people sick.
 Charles Darwin – English naturalist, geologist and biologist, known for science of

evolution.
 Four blood groups in human as A, B, AB, O.

 Human DNA is stored in 23 pairs of chromosomes within the nucleus of every cell in the

body.
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 Gregor Mendel, a scientist born on 20 July 1822. Father of Genetics.
 The human feet contain 500,000 sweat glands.
 In humans, heart beats around 10,000 times every day, 30 million times in a year.

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